المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
الصوم جنة ما لم يخرقها الرجل
Fasting is a shield as long as a man does not tear it
Hadith Number: 5234
حدثنا ابو بكر محمد بن داود الزاهد، حدثنا عبد الله بن قحطبة، حدثنا العباس بن عبد العظيم، حدثنا وهب بن جرير، حدثنا ابي، سمعت بشار بن ابي سيف يحدث عن الوليد بن عبد الرحمن، عن عياض بن غطيف، قال: دخلنا على ابي عبيدة بن الجراح نعوده وامراته تحيفة جالسة عند راسه، وهو مقبل بوجهه على الجدار، فقلنا لها: كيف بات ابو عبيدة الليلة؟ قالت: بات باجر، فاقبل علينا بوجهه فقال: إني لم ابت باجر، ثم قال: الا تسالوني عما قلت؟ فقلنا: ما اعجبنا ما قلت فنسالك عنه، فقال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول:"من انفق نفقة في سبيل الله فبسبع مئة، ومن انفق على نفسه واهله، او عاد مريضا، او ماز اذى، فالحسنة بعشر امثالها، والصوم جنة ما لم يخرقها، ومن ابتلاه الله ببلاء في جسده فهو له حطة" (1).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5153 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5153 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
It is narrated from Iyad bin Ghutayf that we went to visit Sayyiduna Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) in his illness. His wife Tuhayfah was sitting at his head, while he was lying with his face turned towards the wall. We asked her: "How did Abu Ubaydah spend the night?" She said: "He spent the night earning reward." Then Abu Ubaydah turned towards us and said: "I did not spend the night earning reward." Then he said: "Why did you not ask me about what I said?" We said: "What you said seemed strange to us (so we remained silent)." Then he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever spends something in the way of Allah, its reward is seven hundredfold; and whoever spends on himself or his family, or visits a sick person, or removes something harmful (from the road), then a good deed is rewarded tenfold. And fasting is a shield (against sins and the Fire) as long as it is not torn. And whoever Allah afflicts with some affliction in his body, it becomes a means of his sins falling away."
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده حسن من أجل بشار بن أبي سيف، فقد روى عنه ثقتان وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات"، وصحَّح حديثَه هذا أبو حاتم الرازي كما يُفهم من كلامه الذي نقله عنه ابنه في "العلل" (688)، وصحَّحه كذلك ابن خزيمة (1892)، لكن صحَّح البخاريُّ وغيره أن تابعيَّه هو غُضيف بن الحارث، ويؤيده ...» [ترقيم الرساله 5234] [ترقيم الشركة 5189] [ترقيم العلميه 5153]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5234 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) Its chain is "hasan" because of Bashshar bin Abi Sayf. Two trustworthy narrators narrated from him and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in "al-Thiqat". Abu Hatim al-Razi declared this hadith of his sahih (as is understood from his words quoted by his son in "al-'Ilal" 688), and Ibn Khuzaymah (1892) also declared it sahih.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): However, al-Bukhari and other hadith scholars held as correct that its Successor is "Ghudayf bin al-Harith". This is supported by the fact that it is narrated through another route with the same meaning from Ghudayf bin al-Harith (as will come), and Allah knows best.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): However, al-Bukhari and other hadith scholars held as correct that its Successor is "Ghudayf bin al-Harith". This is supported by the fact that it is narrated through another route with the same meaning from Ghudayf bin al-Harith (as will come), and Allah knows best.
(1) إسناده حسن من أجل بشار بن أبي سيف، فقد روى عنه ثقتان وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات"، وصحَّح حديثَه هذا أبو حاتم الرازي كما يُفهم من كلامه الذي نقله عنه ابنه في "العلل" (688)، وصحَّحه كذلك ابن خزيمة (1892)، لكن صحَّح البخاريُّ وغيره أن تابعيَّه هو غُضيف بن الحارث، ويؤيده وروده من طريق أخرى بمعناه عن غُضيف بن الحارث كما سيأتي، والله أعلم.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Ahmad (3/(1701)) from Yazid bin Harun, from Jarir bin Hazim, with this chain. And Ahmad (1690, 1700) narrated it through the route of Wasil, the freed slave of Abu 'Uyaynah, from Bashshar bin Abi Sayf.
وأخرجه أحمد 3/ (1701) عن يزيد بن هارون، عن جرير بن حازم، بهذا الإسناد. وأخرجه أحمد (1690) و (1700) من طريق واصل مولى أبي عُيينة، عن بشار بن أبي سيف.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by al-Nasa'i (2554) through the route of Wasil, from Bashshar, in abridged form with mention of fasting.
وأخرجه النسائي (2554) من طريق واصل، عن بشار مختصرًا بذكر الصوم.
Reference / Source: It has another route with the same meaning in al-Bukhari's "al-Adab al-Mufrad" (491), via Sulaym bin 'Amir from Ghudayf bin al-Harith from Abu 'Ubaydah.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the printed edition of "al-Adab al-Mufrad" it is printed as "Ghutayf" with a ta' (after the ghayn), but al-Bukhari's statement in "al-Tarikh al-Awsat" (2/1014) indicates that it is with the dotted dad, because he said: "Al-Thawri said in his hadith 'Ghutayf bin al-Harith', which is an error." Al-Bayhaqi quoted al-Bukhari in "al-Kubra" (9/171) as saying that the correct form is "Ghudayf bin al-Harith al-Shami" (with the dotted dad). In al-Khaffaf's narration from al-Bukhari (al-Tarikh al-Awsat 2/1014) it reads: Al-Zubaydi narrated from Sulaym bin 'Amir that he heard Ghudayf bin al-Harith narrating from Abu 'Ubaydah. This is the very chain of "al-Adab al-Mufrad".
Details of the narration: Its wording in "al-Adab al-Mufrad" is: A man came to Abu 'Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah while he was ill, and said: How is the reward of the Amir? He said: Do you know for what you are rewarded? He said: For the hardships that befall us which we dislike. He said: You are only rewarded for what you spend in the way of Allah and what is spent for you. Then he enumerated all of a man's equipment until he reached "the bridle of the pack-horse" ('idhar al-birdhawn). But this pain (wasab) that afflicts you in your bodies, Allah expiates your sins through it.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the printed edition of "al-Adab al-Mufrad" it is printed as "Ghutayf" with a ta' (after the ghayn), but al-Bukhari's statement in "al-Tarikh al-Awsat" (2/1014) indicates that it is with the dotted dad, because he said: "Al-Thawri said in his hadith 'Ghutayf bin al-Harith', which is an error." Al-Bayhaqi quoted al-Bukhari in "al-Kubra" (9/171) as saying that the correct form is "Ghudayf bin al-Harith al-Shami" (with the dotted dad). In al-Khaffaf's narration from al-Bukhari (al-Tarikh al-Awsat 2/1014) it reads: Al-Zubaydi narrated from Sulaym bin 'Amir that he heard Ghudayf bin al-Harith narrating from Abu 'Ubaydah. This is the very chain of "al-Adab al-Mufrad".
Details of the narration: Its wording in "al-Adab al-Mufrad" is: A man came to Abu 'Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah while he was ill, and said: How is the reward of the Amir? He said: Do you know for what you are rewarded? He said: For the hardships that befall us which we dislike. He said: You are only rewarded for what you spend in the way of Allah and what is spent for you. Then he enumerated all of a man's equipment until he reached "the bridle of the pack-horse" ('idhar al-birdhawn). But this pain (wasab) that afflicts you in your bodies, Allah expiates your sins through it.
وله طريق أخرى بمعناه عند البخاري في "الأدب المفرد" (491) من طريق سُليم بن عامر، عن غُضَيف بن الحارث، عن أبي عبيدة. وقد وقع في "الأدب المفرد" المطبوع: غطيف، بالطاء، لكن قول البخاري في "تاريخه الأوسط" 2/ 1014 يفيد أنه بالضاد المعجمة، لأنه قال: وقال الثوري في حديثه: غطيف بن الحارث، وهو وهمٌ. ونقل البيهقيُّ في "الكبرى" 9/ 171 عن البخاري أنَّ الصحيح غُضيف بن الحارث الشامي، هكذا ذكره بالضاد المعجمة. وجاء في رواية الخفاف عن البخاري "للتاريخ الأوسط" 2/ 1014 ما نصه: وقال الزُّبيدي: عن سُليم بن عامر، سمع غُضيفَ بن الحارث، عن أبي عُبيدة. وهذا إسناد "الأدب المفرد" نفسُه، ولفظُه في "الأدب المفرد": عن غضيف بن الحارث: أنَّ رجلًا أتى أبا عُبيدة بن الجراح وهو وجعٌ، فقال: كيف أمسى أجر الأمير؟ فقال: هل تدرون فيم تؤجرون به؟ فقال: بما يُصيبنا فيما نكرَهُ، فقال: إنما تؤجرون بما أنفقتم في سبيل الله، واستُنفِق لكم، ثم عدَّ أداة الرَّجُل كلّها حتى بلغ عِذارَ البِرذَون، ولكن هذا الوَصَبَ الذي يصيبُكم في أجسادكم يُكفّر الله به من خطاياكم.
Note / Clarification: His saying "hittah" means: it sheds (wipes away) his sins and faults from him.
وقوله: حِطَّة، أي: تَحُطُّ عنه خطاياه وذُنوبه.
