المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
إن معاذا ( كان أمة قانتا لله )
Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) "was a nation, devoutly obedient to Allah"
Hadith Number: 5271
فحدثني ابو القاسم الحسن بن محمد السكوني بالكوفة، حدثنا عبيد بن غنام بن حفص بن غياث النخعي، حدثني ابي، عن ابيه، عن الاعمش، عن ابي وائل، عن عبد الله قال: لما قبض النبي ﷺ واستخلفوا ابا بكر وكان رسول الله ﷺ بعث معاذا إلى اليمن، فاستعمل ابو بكر عمر على الموسم، فلقي معاذا بمكة ومعه رقيق، فقال: ما هؤلاء؟! فقال: هؤلاء اهدوا لي، وهؤلاء لابي بكر، فقال له عمر: إني ارى لك ان تاتي بهم ابا بكر، قال: فلقيه من الغد، فقال: يا ابن الخطاب، لقد رايتني البارحة وانا انزو إلى النار، وانت آخذ بحجزتي، وما اراني إلا مطيعك، قال: فاتى بهم ابا بكر، فقال: هؤلاء اهدوا لي وهؤلاء لك، قال: فإنا قد سلمنا لك هديتك، فخرج معاذ إلى الصلاة، فإذا هم يصلون خلفه، فقال معاذ: لمن تصلون؟ قالوا: لله ﷿، فقال: فانتم له، فاعتقهم (2). صحيح على شرط الشيخين ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5190 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5190 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away and the people chose Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) as caliph, Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) was at that time in Yemen, where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had sent him (as governor). Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) appointed Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) as leader for the Hajj season, and he met Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) in Makkah, who had some slaves with him. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Who are these?" Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Some of these were given to me as gifts, and some are for Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)." Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "My view is that you should take them all to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) (and hand them over to him)." The next day Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) met him and said: "O Ibn al-Khattab, last night I saw in a dream that I was falling into the Fire and you were holding me by the waist, and I think I will indeed obey you." So he brought those slaves to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "These were given to me as gifts, and these are for you." Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "We have left your gift for you." Then Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) went out for the prayer and saw those slaves praying behind him. Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "For whom are you praying?" They said: "For Allah, the Mighty and Majestic." Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Then you belong to Allah (and are free)," and he set them free.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «خبر صحيح، وهذا إسناد رجاله ثقات غير غنام بن حفص بن غياث، فإنه لا يكاد يُعرف، فهو مجهول، وقد انفرد هنا بذكر عبد الله - وهو ابن مسعود - وخالفه جماعة من الحفاظ من أصحاب الأعمش - وهو سليمان بن مهران - حيث رووا هذا الخبر عنه بإسقاط ابن مسعود، ...» [ترقيم الرساله 5271] [ترقيم الشركة 5226] [ترقيم العلميه 5190]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5271 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (2) This report is "sahih"; all the narrators of this chain are trustworthy except "Ghannam bin Hafs bin Ghiyath", who is hardly known and is "majhul" (unknown).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ghannam is alone here in mentioning "'Abdullah" (that is, Ibn Mas'ud), whereas a group of the hafiz students of al-A'mash (Sulayman bin Mihran) contradicted him and narrated this report without the link of "Ibn Mas'ud". So the report is originally a "mursal" narration of Abu Wa'il (Shaqiq bin Salamah).
General principle: But Abu Wa'il is a senior "mukhadram" Successor (one who lived in both the pre-Islamic era and Islam); he lived in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) but did not see him. So his "mursal" narration is the mursal of a senior Successor, which the scholars accept, like the mursal narrations of Sa'id bin al-Musayyab. Moreover, this report is narrated through two other routes which, although criticised, are fit for "consideration" (as supporting reports). So this report is "sahih", in sha' Allah.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ghannam is alone here in mentioning "'Abdullah" (that is, Ibn Mas'ud), whereas a group of the hafiz students of al-A'mash (Sulayman bin Mihran) contradicted him and narrated this report without the link of "Ibn Mas'ud". So the report is originally a "mursal" narration of Abu Wa'il (Shaqiq bin Salamah).
General principle: But Abu Wa'il is a senior "mukhadram" Successor (one who lived in both the pre-Islamic era and Islam); he lived in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) but did not see him. So his "mursal" narration is the mursal of a senior Successor, which the scholars accept, like the mursal narrations of Sa'id bin al-Musayyab. Moreover, this report is narrated through two other routes which, although criticised, are fit for "consideration" (as supporting reports). So this report is "sahih", in sha' Allah.
(2) خبر صحيح، وهذا إسناد رجاله ثقات غير غنام بن حفص بن غياث، فإنه لا يكاد يُعرف، فهو مجهول، وقد انفرد هنا بذكر عبد الله - وهو ابن مسعود - وخالفه جماعة من الحفاظ من أصحاب الأعمش - وهو سليمان بن مهران - حيث رووا هذا الخبر عنه بإسقاط ابن مسعود، فالخبر من رواية أبي وائل - واسمه شقيق بن سَلَمة - مرسلًا، لكن أبا وائل هذا تابعي كبير مُخَضْرم أدرك النبي ﷺ ولم يَرَهُ، فمرسلُه مرسَلُ تابعيٌّ كبير يقبل أهلُ العلم مثلَه كحال مراسيل ابن المسيّب، على أنَّ الخبر قد روي من وجهين آخرين فيهما مقالٌ، لكنهما يصلحان للاعتبار، فالخبر صحيح إن شاء الله.
Reference / Source: It was recorded by al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (5/406-407), and through him Ibn 'Asakir (58/433), from Abu 'Abdullah al-Hakim, with this chain.
وأخرجه البيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 5/ 406 - 407، ومن طريقه ابن عساكر 58/ 433 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: It was recorded by Ibn Sa'd in "al-Tabaqat" (3/541) through the route of Shayban bin 'Abd al-Rahman al-Nahwi; by Ibn Abi Shaybah (6/546) and Abu Nu'aym in "al-Hilyah" (1/232) through the route of Abu Mu'awiyah al-Darir; by Humayd bin Zanjawayh in "al-Amwal" (982) through the route of Muhadir bin al-Muwarri'; by Abu Nu'aym in "al-Hilyah" (1/232) through the route of Waki' bin al-Jarrah; and by Ibn 'Asakir (58/432) through the route of 'Abdullah bin Dawud al-Khuraybi.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): All these narrators narrate from al-A'mash, from Abu Wa'il Shaqiq bin Salamah, but none of them mentioned "Ibn Mas'ud" (that is, they narrated it as mursal).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): All these narrators narrate from al-A'mash, from Abu Wa'il Shaqiq bin Salamah, but none of them mentioned "Ibn Mas'ud" (that is, they narrated it as mursal).
وأخرجه ابن سعد في "طبقاته" 3/ 541 من طريق شيبان بن عبد الرحمن النَّحوي، وابن أبي شيبة 6/ 546، وأبو نعيم في "الحلية" 1/ 232 من طريق أبي معاوية الضرير، وحميد بن زنجويه في "الأموال" (982) من طريق محاضر بن المُورِّع، وأبو نعيم في "الحلية" 1/ 232 من طريق وكيع بن الجراح، وابن عساكر 58/ 432 من طريق عبد الله بن داود الخُريبي، كلهم عن الأعمش، عن أبي وائل شقيق بن سَلَمة، به لم يذكر ابنَ مسعود.
Reference / Source: It was recorded by 'Abd al-Razzaq (6954) from Sufyan al-Thawri, from al-A'mash, from Shaqiq (Abu Wa'il), from Masruq, and he then mentioned the report.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): He made it a narration of Shaqiq from Masruq! Masruq is likewise a senior mukhadram Successor, and he may have been present at the event, since Masruq prayed behind Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). But Sufyan al-Thawri is alone in this mention (of Masruq as a link), and Allah knows best.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): He made it a narration of Shaqiq from Masruq! Masruq is likewise a senior mukhadram Successor, and he may have been present at the event, since Masruq prayed behind Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). But Sufyan al-Thawri is alone in this mention (of Masruq as a link), and Allah knows best.
وأخرجه عبد الرزاق (6954) عن سفيان الثوري، عن الأعمش، عن شقيق أبي وائل، عن مسروق، فذكر الخبر، فجعله من رواية شقيق عن مسروق! ومسروق تابعي كبير مخضرم كذلك، ولعله يكون حضر القصة، فقد صلَّى مسروق وراء أبي بكر الصديق لكن انفرد الثوري بذكره، فالله تعالى أعلم.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is supported (as a shahid) by the "mursal" narration of Ibn Ka'b bin Malik in 'Abd al-Razzaq (15177), and through him in Yahya bin Ma'in's "Hadith" (second part, narration of Abu Bakr al-Marwazi, 75), in Ibn Rahawayh's "Musnad" (as in al-Matalib al-'Aliyah, 1461), and in al-Bayhaqi's "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (5/405), within a lengthy report.
Details of the narration: This lengthy report covers events from Mu'adh bin Jabal's taking of loans until his property was frozen (bankruptcy), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sending him to Yemen to restore his finances, and then his return from Yemen in the time of al-Siddiq; and it also mentions this story of Mu'adh with 'Umar and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them). Part of this lengthy report (without this story with 'Umar and Abu Bakr) has already appeared under number (2379).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There we mentioned the difference over whether its chain is "mawsul or mursal", and explained that the correct view is that it is "mursal", but a mursal whose chain is sahih.
Details of the narration: This lengthy report covers events from Mu'adh bin Jabal's taking of loans until his property was frozen (bankruptcy), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sending him to Yemen to restore his finances, and then his return from Yemen in the time of al-Siddiq; and it also mentions this story of Mu'adh with 'Umar and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them). Part of this lengthy report (without this story with 'Umar and Abu Bakr) has already appeared under number (2379).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There we mentioned the difference over whether its chain is "mawsul or mursal", and explained that the correct view is that it is "mursal", but a mursal whose chain is sahih.
ويشهد له مرسلُ ابن كعب بن مالك عند عبد الرزاق (15177)، ومن طريقه يحيى بن معين في الجزء الثاني من "حديثه" برواية أبي بكر المروزي، (75)، وابن راهويه في "مسنده" كما في "المطالب العالية" لابن حجر (1461)، والبيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 5/ 405 في خبر مطولٍ من لدن قصة استدانة معاذ بن جبل حتى أغلق ماله، إلى بعث النبي ﷺ له إلى اليمن ليَجبره، ثم رجوعه من اليمن في عهد الصديق، وذكر فيه قصة معاذ مع عمر وأبي بكر هذه التي هنا، وقد تقدَّم بعض ذلك الخبر المطول لكن دون قصة معاذ مع عمر وأبي بكر هذه برقم (2379)، وذكرنا هناك الاختلاف في إسناده وصلًا وإرسالًا، وأنَّ الصحيح أنه مرسلٌ، لكنه مرسل صحيح الإسناد.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Likewise, a supporting report for this story is the hadith of Jabir bin 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that will come with the author under number (5276), with a chain that is "la ba'sa bihi" (acceptable) in supporting reports and corroborations.
كما يشهد لهذه القصة حديث جابر بن عبد الله الآتي عند المصنف برقم (5276)، بإسناد لا بأس به في الشواهد والمتابعات.
