Grading: This hadith is sahih with the wording "a camel (badanah) for seven people".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Although the narrators of this chain are thiqah (trustworthy), the wording "a camel for ten people" in it is shadh (anomalous), contradicting the narrations of the other students of Sufyan al-Thawri and of Abu al-Zubayr (Muhammad bin Muslim). The specific wording that the author presented here has not been found anywhere else.

Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abd al-Rahman in the chain is Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi.

Reference / Source: Ibn Hibban narrated it (4004) from Abu 'Arubah al-Husayn bin Muhammad al-Harrani, from Bundar (Muhammad bin Bashshar), with this same chain.

Reference / Source: Abu Ya'la narrated it (2150) from Zuhayr bin Harb, and al-Daraqutni (2533) via Muhammad bin Hassan al-Shaybani al-Azraq.
Details of the narration: Both of these narrators narrate it from Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi with this wording: "A camel is for seven (people)."

Reference / Source: Al-Darimi (1998), Abu 'Awanah in his "Sahih" (3272), Ibn al-Mundhir in "al-Awsat" (8335), al-Daraqutni (2533) and al-Bayhaqi (6/78) narrated it via various routes from Sufyan al-Thawri with the wording: "A camel is for seven."
Details of the narration: Also, Ahmad (22/14127, 14229 and 23/15043), Muslim (1318), Abu Dawud (2809), al-Tirmidhi (904, 1502), al-Nasa'i (4108) and Ibn Hibban (4004, 4006) narrated it via routes from Abu al-Zubayr (Muhammad bin Muslim al-Asadi). Although there are slight differences in the texts, the gist of all of them is that a camel suffices for seven people.
Grading: Al-Tirmidhi declared it "hasan sahih".

Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi says in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (9/295) that the agreement of all these imams via Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir, and then the narration of 'Ata' bin Abi Rabah from Jabir (whose takhrij will come), that "a camel is for seven", is preferable to the narration of Sufyan al-Thawri in which a camel is said to be for ten.
Note / Clarification: (The editors say:) As you already know, a large group of narrators reported from Sufyan al-Thawri the same narration that agrees with the others (i.e. the one with seven); so al-Bayhaqi's words give the false impression that Sufyan al-Thawri contradicted everyone, whereas that is not the case.

Reference / Source: Ahmad narrated it (22/14398) via Abu Sufyan Talhah bin Nafi', and (23/14808) via Sulayman bin Qays.
Important point: Both narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that in the year of al-Hudaybiyah the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took seventy (70) camels with him and slaughtered one camel on behalf of seven people. This wording is that of Abu Sufyan, and the narration of Sulayman bin Qays has a similar meaning.

Reference / Source: Ahmad (23/14914), Abu Dawud (2808) and al-Nasa'i (4107) narrated it via Qays bin Sa'd, and Ahmad (22/14265), Muslim (1318), Abu Dawud (2807) and al-Nasa'i (4106, 4467) via Abd al-Malik bin Abi Sulayman.
Important point: Both are narrated via 'Ata' bin Abi Rabah from Jabir, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A cow is for seven, and a camel (jazur) is for seven." In one wording: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) slaughtered a camel for seven and a cow for seven.
Details of the narration: The wording of Abd al-Malik's narration is: "We used to perform tamattu' with 'umrah along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and seven of us would share in a cow and slaughter it."
Grading: The chains of both these narrations are sahih.