المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الرقاق
Book of Heart-Softening Narrations
أعلام النور فى الصدور
The signs of light in the hearts
Hadith Number: 8061
اخبرني إبراهيم بن عصمة بن إبراهيم العدل، حدثنا ابي، حدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، اخبرنا ابو معاوية، عن العوام بن جويرية، عن الحسن، عن انس قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ:"اربع لا يصبن إلا بعجب: الصمت، وهو اول العبادة، والتواضع، وذكر الله، وقلة الشيء" (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There are four qualities that are attained only through remarkable (divine enabling): silence, which is the beginning of worship; humility and modesty; the remembrance of Allah; and having little (worldly) wealth and goods."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده واهٍ، العوام بن جويرية ضعَّفه ابن معين في رواية ابن محرز، وقال فيه ابن حبان: كان ممَّن يروي الموضوعات عن الثقات على صلاح فيه، كان يهمُ ويأتي بالشيء على التوهم من غير أن يتعمد، فاستحقَّ ترك الاحتجاج به لما ظهر عليه من أمارات الجرح» [ترقيم الرساله 8061] [ترقيم الشركة 7963]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8061 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: Its chain is very weak (wahin).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Al-'Awwam bin Juwayriyah was declared weak by Yahya bin Ma'in (in the narration of Ibn Muhriz). Ibn Hibban says: Despite his righteousness he used to narrate fabricated (mawdu') reports from thiqah narrators; he would make errors and relate things on the basis of mistaken impressions without intending to, so, because the signs of criticism became evident in him, he deserves not to be used as proof. For this reason Imam al-Dhahabi declared it defective in "al-Talkhis", and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar, in the entry on al-'Awwam in "Lisan al-Mizan", expressed surprise that Imam al-Hakim recorded it.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Al-'Awwam bin Juwayriyah was declared weak by Yahya bin Ma'in (in the narration of Ibn Muhriz). Ibn Hibban says: Despite his righteousness he used to narrate fabricated (mawdu') reports from thiqah narrators; he would make errors and relate things on the basis of mistaken impressions without intending to, so, because the signs of criticism became evident in him, he deserves not to be used as proof. For this reason Imam al-Dhahabi declared it defective in "al-Talkhis", and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar, in the entry on al-'Awwam in "Lisan al-Mizan", expressed surprise that Imam al-Hakim recorded it.
(1) إسناده واهٍ، العوام بن جويرية ضعَّفه ابن معين في رواية ابن محرز، وقال فيه ابن حبان: كان ممَّن يروي الموضوعات عن الثقات على صلاح فيه، كان يهمُ ويأتي بالشيء على التوهم من غير أن يتعمد، فاستحقَّ ترك الاحتجاج به لما ظهر عليه من أمارات الجرح. وبه أعلَّه الذهبي في "التلخيص"، وتعجب الحافظ في ترجمة العوام من "اللسان" من إخراج الحاكم له.
Details of the narration: There is disagreement over Abu Mu'awiyah (Muhammad bin Khazim al-Darir) in this narration, as al-Daraqutni explained in "al-'Ilal" (2428): Yahya bin Hassan, Yahya bin Yahya, Hajjaj bin Muhammad and Muhammad bin Hatim narrated it from Abu Mu'awiyah as "marfu'", while Abu Kurayb and Muhammad bin Yazid al-Adami contradicted them and narrated it from Abu Mu'awiyah as "mawquf". It is likely that this came from Abu Mu'awiyah himself, sometimes reporting it as marfu' and sometimes as mawquf.
Important point: Abu Hatim said, as in "al-'Ilal" (1836): "It is narrated only from al-Hasan al-Basri," and some said: "It is al-Hasan al-Basri from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) as his own statement (mawquf)."
Important point: Abu Hatim said, as in "al-'Ilal" (1836): "It is narrated only from al-Hasan al-Basri," and some said: "It is al-Hasan al-Basri from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) as his own statement (mawquf)."
وقد اختلف على أبي معاوية - وهو محمد بن خازم الضرير - فيه، كما قال الدارقطني في "العلل" (2428)، فرواه يحيى بن حسان ويحيى بن يحيى وحجاج بن محمد ومحمد بن حاتم عن أَبي معاوية مرفوعًا، وخالفهم أَبو كريب ومحمد بن يزيد الأَدَمي فروياه عن أَبي معاوية موقوفًا. ويُشبه أَن يكون هذا من أَبي معاوية، مرّةً كان يرفعه، ومرةً يقفه. وقال أبو حاتم كما في "العلل" (1836): إنما يروى عن الحسن فقط، وقال بعضهم: الحسن عن أنس قوله.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in "Shu'ab al-Iman" (4628) via Abu 'Abd Allah al-Hakim, with this same chain.
وأخرجه البيهقي في "شعب الإيمان" (4628) عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded by Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami in "Adab al-Suhbah" (57), Abu al-Qasim bin Bishran in "al-Amali" (1386), and al-Bayhaqi in "al-Shu'ab" (4628, 7800) and "al-Adab" (299), through various routes via Yahya bin Yahya al-Naysaburi.
وأخرجه أبو عبد الرحمن السلمي في آداب الصحبة" (57)، وأبو القاسم بن بشران في "الأمالي" (1386)، والبيهقي في "الشعب" (4628) و (7800)، وفي "الآداب" (299) من طرق عن يحيى بن يحيى النيسابوري به.
Reference / Source: Ibn Hibban recorded it in "al-Majruhin" (2/196), al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (741), Ibn 'Adi in "al-Kamil" (2/282), Tammam in "al-Fawa'id" (974) and al-Khatib in "Tali al-Talkhis" (146), through various routes from Abu Mu'awiyah.
Grading: Ibn 'Adi says: "The original form of this hadith is that it is a statement of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) (mawquf)."
Grading: Ibn 'Adi says: "The original form of this hadith is that it is a statement of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) (mawquf)."
وأخرجه ابن حبان في "المجروحين" 2/ 196، والطبراني في "المعجم الكبير" (741)، وابن عدي في "الكامل" 2/ 282، وتمّام في "الفوائد" (974)، والخطيب في "تالي التلخيص" (146) من طرق عن أبي معاوية به. وقال ابن عدي وهذا الحديث الأصل فيه موقوف من قول أنس.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi al-Dunya recorded it in "al-Samt" (556), Ibn Abi 'Asim in "al-Zuhd" (48), Ibn Shahin in "al-Targhib fi Fada'il al-A'mal" (391) and Tammam (1696), through various routes from Abu Mu'awiyah as "mawquf".
Details of the narration: Hannad (1130) recorded it in abridged form through 'Ubayd Allah bin al-Walid al-Wassafi, from al-'Awwam, from al-Hasan as mursal: "The first act of worship is silence."
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Note that (the narrator) al-Wassafi is da'if.
Details of the narration: Hannad (1130) recorded it in abridged form through 'Ubayd Allah bin al-Walid al-Wassafi, from al-'Awwam, from al-Hasan as mursal: "The first act of worship is silence."
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Note that (the narrator) al-Wassafi is da'if.
وأخرجه ابن أبي الدنيا في "الصمت" (556)، وابن أبي عاصم في "الزهد" (48)، وابن شاهين في "الترغيب في فضائل الأعمال" (391)، وتمّام (1696) من طرق عن أبي معاوية، به موقوفًا. وأخرجه مختصرًا هناد (1130) من طريق عبيد الله بن الوليد الوصّافي، عن العوّام، عن الحسن مرسلًا: أول العبادة الصمت والوصافي ضعيف.
Details of the narration: This report is also narrated as the words of the Prophet of Allah 'Isa (peace be upon him). Ibn al-Mubarak recorded it in "al-Zuhd" (629), and through him Ibn Abi al-Dunya in "al-Samt" (643) and Abu Nu'aym in "al-Hilyah" (8/157), from Wuhayb bin al-Ward. Hannad also recorded it in "al-Zuhd" (594 and 1131) from Sufyan al-Thawri.
Important point: Both of them (Wuhayb and Sufyan) attributed these words to 'Isa son of Maryam (peace be upon them both).
Important point: Both of them (Wuhayb and Sufyan) attributed these words to 'Isa son of Maryam (peace be upon them both).
ورُوي هذا الخبر من كلام نبي الله عيسى ﵇ فأخرجه ابن المبارك في "الزهد" (629) ومن طريقه ابن أبي الدنيا في "الصمت" (643)، وأبو نعيم في "الحلية" 8/ 157 - عن وُهيب بن الوَرْد، وأخرجه هنّاد في "الزهد" (594) و (1131) عن سفيان الثوري، كلاهما (وهيب وسفيان) نسباه إلى عيسى ابن مريم.
Note / Clarification: Regarding the words of the hadith "la yusabna illa bi-'ajab", 'Allamah al-Munawi says in "Fayd al-Qadir": It is with the unpointed 'ayn, vowelled with fathah; that is: these qualities are not found together in a person at one time except in a very wondrous and remarkable way, which is marvelled at because they are rarely combined.
قوله: "لا يُصَبنَ إلَّا بعَجَب" قال المناوي في "فيض القدير" بعين مهملة محركًا، أي: لا توجد وتجتمع في إنسان في آن واحد إلَّا على وجه عجيب عظيم، يُتعجَّب منه لعِظَم موقعه لكونها قلَّ أن تجتمع.
Note / Clarification: Al-Amir al-San'ani says in "al-Tanwir Sharh al-Jami' al-Saghir": "La yusabna illa bi-'ujb" means that their reward and the perfection of being characterised by them are not nullified except by "'ujb" (here with dammah on the 'ayn and sukun on the jim), which means self-admiration and arrogance; that is, their reward is lost only through this.
وقال الأمير الصنعاني في "التَّنوير شرح الجامع الصَّغير": "لا يصبن إلَّا بعجب" لا يُبطَل ثوابُهن وكمال الاتصاف بهن إلا بعُجب، هو بضم العين وسكون الجيم: الزَّهو والكبر، أي: لا يبطل ثوابهن إلَّا ذلك.