It is narrated from Yazid bin Hurmaz that Najdah bin Amir Haruri wrote to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) asking: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) take women along in jihad? And did he allocate a share of the spoils of war for them? Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) wrote back in reply: You have written to me asking: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) take women along in jihad? Yes, he did take them along in jihad; they used to treat the sick, and they were given something from the spoils (as a reward), but as for a share, he did not allocate a share for them. Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih (good and authentic),
2- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Anas and Umm Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with them both).
3- Most of the scholars act upon this, and this is also the saying of Sufyan Thawri and Shafi’i. Some people say: A share should also be given to women and children; this is the saying of Awza’i.
4- Awza’i says: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave a share to children at Khaybar, and the Muslim leaders allocated a share for every newborn who was born in the enemy’s land. Awza’i says: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave a share to women at Khaybar, and after him, the Muslims continued to act upon this.