موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik Riwayat Yahya
كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
Book: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ بِالطَّعَامِ لَا فَضْلَ بَيْنَهُمَا
Chapter on Sale of Food for Food Without Excess
Hadith Number: 1353
حدثني حدثني يحيى، عن مالك، انه بلغه، ان سليمان بن يسار، قال: فني علف حمار سعد بن ابي وقاص، فقال لغلامه: " خذ من حنطة اهلك، فابتع بها شعيرا ولا تاخذ إلا مثله"
Sulayman bin Yasar said: The fodder for the donkey of Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) ran out, so he said to his servant: Take wheat from the house and get it weighed for barley in equal measure; do not take more.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1354
عن ابن معيقيب الدوسي مثل ذلك.
The same is narrated from Hazrat Mu’ayqib Dusi.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355
عن سليمان بن يسار، انه اخبره ان عبد الرحمٰن بن الاسود بن عبد يغوث فني علف دابته، فقال لغلامه: خذ من حنطة اهلك طعاما، فابتع بها شعيرا ولا تاخذ إلا مثله.
The fodder for the animal of Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Aswad ran out, so he said to his servant: Take wheat from the house and get barley weighed in exchange for it.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B1
قال مالك: وهو الامر عندنا.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "According to us, this is the ruling."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B2
قال مالك: الامر المجتمع عليه عندنا، ان لا تباع الحنطة بالحنطة، ولا التمر بالتمر، ولا الحنطة بالتمر، ولا التمر بالزبيب، ولا الحنطة بالزبيب، ولا شيء من الطعام كله إلا يدا بيد، فإن دخل شيئا من ذلك الاجل لم يصلح، وكان حراما، ولا شيء من الادم كلها إلا يدا بيد.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, this ruling is agreed upon that wheat should not be sold for wheat, and dates for dates, and wheat for dates, and dates for grapes, except hand to hand, with no delay on either side. If there is a delay, it becomes unlawful. Similarly, for all the things that are eaten with bread, if one is exchanged for another, it should be taken hand to hand.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B3
قال مالك: ولا يباع شيء من الطعام والادم، إذا كان من صنف واحد: اثنان بواحد، فلا يباع مد حنطة بمدي حنطة، ولا مد تمر بمدي تمر، ولا مد زبيب بمدي زبيب، ولا ما اشبه ذلك من الحبوب والادم كلها، إذا كان من صنف واحد، وإن كان يدا بيد، إنما ذلك بمنزلة الورق بالورق، والذهب بالذهب لا يحل في شيء من ذلك الفضل، ولا يحل إلا مثلا بمثل يدا بيد.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that for all food items or those eaten with bread, when the type is the same, any excess or deficiency is not permissible. For example, one mudd of wheat should not be sold for two mudds of wheat, nor one mudd of dates for two mudds of dates, nor one mudd of grapes for two mudds of grapes. Similarly, for other food items or those eaten with bread that are similar to these, when their type is the same, any excess or deficiency is not permissible, even if it is hand to hand. For example, if someone sells silver for silver or gold for gold, any excess or deficiency is not permissible. Rather, it is necessary for all these things that they be equal and exchanged hand to hand.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B4
قال مالك: وإذا اختلف ما يكال او يوزن مما يؤكل او يشرب، فبان اختلافه، فلا باس ان يؤخذ منه اثنان بواحد يدا بيد، ولا باس ان يؤخذ صاع من تمر بصاعين من حنطة، وصاع من تمر بصاعين من زبيب، وصاع من حنطة بصاعين من سمن، فإذا كان الصنفان من هذا مختلفين، فلا باس باثنين منه بواحد او اكثر من ذلك يدا بيد، فإن دخل في ذلك الاجل فلا يحل.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that when the types differ, then an increase or decrease is permissible, but it must be hand to hand, such as exchanging one sa’ of dates for two sa’ of wheat, or one sa’ of dates for two sa’ of grapes, or one sa’ of wheat for two sa’ of ghee—there is no harm in this as long as it is hand to hand and not deferred. If it is deferred, then it is not permissible.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said it is not permissible to give one sack of wheat and take another sack of wheat in exchange for it. It is permissible to give one sack of wheat and take a sack of dates in exchange for it, hand to hand, because it is permissible to sell a heap of dates for wheat by estimation.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said it is not permissible to give one sack of wheat and take another sack of wheat in exchange for it. It is permissible to give one sack of wheat and take a sack of dates in exchange for it, hand to hand, because it is permissible to sell a heap of dates for wheat by estimation.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B5
قال مالك: ولا تحل صبرة الحنطة، بصبرة الحنطة، ولا باس بصبرة الحنطة، بصبرة التمر يدا بيد، وذلك انه لا باس ان يشترى الحنطة بالتمر جزافا.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: As for all things that are eaten or used as condiments with bread, when their types are different, it is permissible to sell them in heaps against each other as long as it is hand to hand. If there is a delay, it is not permissible. For example, if someone sells a heap of these things in exchange for gold or silver, it is permissible.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B6
قال مالك: وكل ما اختلف من الطعام والادم فبان اختلافه، فلا باس ان يشترى بعضه ببعض جزافا يدا بيد، فإن دخله الاجل فلا خير فيه، وإنما اشتراء ذلك جزافا كاشتراء بعض ذلك بالذهب والورق جزافا.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person measures out wheat and makes a heap, and then sells it to someone while concealing the weight, this is not permissible. If the buyer wishes to return the wheat to the seller because the seller deliberately concealed the weight and deceived him, then he may do so. Similarly, if the seller sells something while concealing its weight, the buyer has the option to return it. The people of knowledge have always prohibited such a sale.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1355B7
. قال مالك: وذلك انك تشتري الحنطة بالورق جزافا، والتمر بالذهب جزافا فهذا حلال لا باس به.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Exchanging one loaf of bread for two loaves, or exchanging a large loaf for a small loaf, is not good. However, if he considers the bread equal to the other bread, then the exchange is permissible even if he does not weigh it.
تخریج الحدیث: