Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that when the Muslims (after migrating) reached Madinah, they would come for prayer at the appointed time, but no adhan was given for it. One day, there was a consultation about this matter. Someone suggested adopting a bell like the Christians, and someone else said to make a horn (bugle) like the Jews and blow it. But Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Why not send someone who would call out for the prayer?" Upon this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (approved of this opinion and said to Sayyiduna Bilal, may Allah be pleased with him), "Bilal, get up and give the adhan for the prayer."

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that (for announcing the time of prayer) the people mentioned fire and the bell, then the Jews and Christians were mentioned, then Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was commanded to say the words of the adhan twice each and in the iqamah once each.

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم said: When you hear the call to prayer (Adhan), then say as the caller (Mu'adhdhin) says.

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When the call to prayer (adhan) is given, Satan turns his back and flees with great speed, passing wind, so that he does not hear the sound of the adhan. When the adhan is finished, he returns. But as soon as the iqamah (second call to prayer) begins, he again turns his back and flees. When the iqamah is finished, Satan comes back again and puts whispers into the heart of the worshipper, saying, "Remember such-and-such, remember such-and-such," reminding him of things he had not even thought of before, and in this way, the person forgets how many rak‘ahs he has prayed.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he stood for prayer, he raised his hands at the time of the opening Takbir, his hands reaching up to his shoulders. Similarly, when he said the Takbir for bowing (ruku‘), he would also raise his hands, and when he raised his head from bowing, he would do the same. At that time, he would say: "Sami‘ Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears the one who praises Him). However, he did not raise his hands during prostration (sajdah).

Sayyiduna Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated that I saw Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) that when he started the prayer, he would raise his hands with the opening Takbir, then when he went into bowing (ruku‘), he would also raise his hands, and when he raised his head from bowing, he would do so as well. And he narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to do the same.

Syedna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to lead the people in prayer, and whenever he would bow and whenever he would rise, he would definitely say the takbeer. Then when he finished, he would say that among all of you, I am the one whose prayer most closely resembles the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would stand for prayer, he would say the takbir. Then when he would bow (for ruku‘), he would also say the takbir. Then when he would raise his head, he would say "Sami‘ Allahu liman hamidah" and while still standing, he would say "Rabbana wa lakal hamd." Then when he would go down for prostration (sajdah), he would also say the takbir, and when he would raise his head from prostration, he would say the takbir. In this manner, he would do so throughout the entire prayer until he completed the prayer. He would also say the takbir when rising from the first sitting (qa‘dah oola).

Mutarrif bin Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated that I and Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Whenever he went into prostration, he would say the takbir, and likewise when he raised his head, he would say the takbir. When he stood up after two rak'ahs, he would say the takbir. When the prayer ended, Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) took my hand and said, "Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reminded us today of the prayer of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)," or he said, "This person led us in prayer today just like the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."

Sayyiduna Ubadah bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever does not recite Surah Al-Fatihah, his prayer is not valid.