المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الرقاق
Book of Heart-Softening Narrations
تشريح الشهوة الخفية
Explanation of hidden desire
Hadith Number: 8139
حدثنا ابو احمد بكر بن محمد بن حمدان، حدثنا عبد الصمد بن الفضل، حدثنا مكي بن إبراهيم، حدثنا عبد الواحد بن زيد، عن عبادة بن نسي قال: دخلت على شداد بن اوس في مصلاه وهو يبكي، فقلت: يا ابا عبد الرحمن، ما الذي ابكاك؟ قال: حديث سمعته من رسول الله ﷺ، قلت: وما هو؟ قال: بينما انا عند رسول الله ﷺ إذ رايت بوجهه امرا ساءني، فقلت: بابي وامي يا رسول الله، ما الذي ارى بوجهك؟ قال:"امر اتخوفه على امتي من بعدي" قلت: وما هو؟ قال:"الشرك وشهوة خفية" قال: قلت: يا رسول الله، تشرك امتك من بعدك؟! قال:"يا شداد، اما إنهم لا يعبدون شمسا ولا وثنا ولا حجرا (1)، ولكن يراؤون الناس باعمالهم" قلت: يا رسول الله، الرياء شرك هو؟ قال:"نعم" قلت: فما الشهوة الخفية؟ قال:"يصبح احدهم صائما فتعرض له شهوة من شهوات الدنيا فيفطر" (2).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7940 - عبد الواحد بن زيد متروك
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7940 - عبد الواحد بن زيد متروك
Ubadah bin Nusayy said: I went to Sayyiduna Shaddad bin Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) at his place of prayer, and he was weeping. I asked: O Abu Abd al-Rahman! What has made you weep? He said: A hadith that I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I said: What is it? He said: Once I was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when I saw on his blessed face a look that saddened me. I said: May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! What is this that I see on your blessed face? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A matter that I fear for my Ummah after me." I said: What is it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Shirk and a hidden desire (of the self)." I said: O Messenger of Allah! Will your Ummah commit shirk after you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Shaddad! Behold, they will not worship the sun, an idol or a stone, but they will show off their deeds to people." I said: O Messenger of Allah! Is showing off (riya') shirk? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes." I said: And what is the hidden desire? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "One of you begins the day fasting (a voluntary fast), then one of the desires of this world presents itself to him, and he breaks his fast (without excuse)."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، عبد الواحد بن زيد» [ترقيم الرساله 8139] [ترقيم الشركة 8039] [ترقيم العلميه 7940]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8139 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: Manuscript (B) has the wording: "shamsan wa la wathanan wa la qamaran" (neither the sun, nor an idol, nor the moon).
(1) في (ب): شمسًا ولا وثنًا ولا قمرًا.
Grading: Its chain is very weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Abd al-Wahid bin Zayd (Abu 'Ubaydah al-Basri, the storyteller): 1. Al-Bukhari said: they abandoned him. 2. Ibn Ma'in said: he is nothing. 3. Al-Fallas said: he was a storyteller, matruk al-hadith. 4. Al-Nasa'i said: he is not thiqah. 5. Ibn 'Abd al-Barr said: they agreed on his weakness. 6. For this reason al-Dhahabi declared it defective in "al-Talkhis" and said: 'Abd al-Wahid is matruk.
Important point: Part of this report has also been narrated as mawquf, and that is the correct version, as will be explained below.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Abd al-Wahid bin Zayd (Abu 'Ubaydah al-Basri, the storyteller): 1. Al-Bukhari said: they abandoned him. 2. Ibn Ma'in said: he is nothing. 3. Al-Fallas said: he was a storyteller, matruk al-hadith. 4. Al-Nasa'i said: he is not thiqah. 5. Ibn 'Abd al-Barr said: they agreed on his weakness. 6. For this reason al-Dhahabi declared it defective in "al-Talkhis" and said: 'Abd al-Wahid is matruk.
Important point: Part of this report has also been narrated as mawquf, and that is the correct version, as will be explained below.
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، عبد الواحد بن زيد - وهو أبو عبيدة البصري القاصّ - قال البخاري: تركوه، وقال ابن معين ليس بشيء، وقال الفلاس: كان قاصًا متروك الحديث، وقال النسائي: ليس بثقة، وقال ابن عبد البر: أجمعوا على ضعفه، وبه أعلّه الذهبي في "التلخيص" فقال: عبد الواحد متروك. وقد روي بعضُ هذا الخبر موقوفًا، وهو الصحيح كما سيأتي بيانه.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (28/17120) recorded it from Zayd bin al-Hubab, from 'Abd al-Wahid bin Ziyad, with this chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 28/ (17120) عن زيد بن الحباب، عن عبد الواحد بن زياد، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ibn Majah (4205) recorded it through the route of al-Hasan bin Dhakwan, from 'Ubadah bin Nusayy, from Shaddad bin Aws, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The thing I fear most for my Ummah is associating partners with Allah. I do not say that they will worship the sun, the moon or an idol, but rather deeds done for other than Allah, and a hidden desire."
Grading: Its chain is very weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 1. It contains Rawwad bin al-Jarrah, whose memory became confused (ikhtilat), so he was abandoned. 2. His shaykh 'Amir bin 'Abd Allah is majhul. 3. Al-Hasan bin Dhakwan also has weakness in him.
Grading: Its chain is very weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 1. It contains Rawwad bin al-Jarrah, whose memory became confused (ikhtilat), so he was abandoned. 2. His shaykh 'Amir bin 'Abd Allah is majhul. 3. Al-Hasan bin Dhakwan also has weakness in him.
وأخرجه ابن ماجه (4205) من طريق الحسن بن ذكوان، عن عبادة بن نسي، عن شداد بن أوس قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إن أخوف ما أتخوف على أمتي: الإشراك بالله، أما إني لست أقول: يعبدون شمسًا ولا قمرًا ولا وثنًا، ولكن أعمالًا لغير الله، وشهوة خفية". وإسناده ضعيف جدًّا، فيه روَّاد بن الجرَّاح اختلط فتُرك، وشيخه عامر بن عبد الله مجهول، والحسن بن ذكوان فيه ضعف أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Abu Nu'aym recorded something similar in "al-Hilyah" (1/268) through the route of 'Ata' bin 'Ajlan, from Khalid bin Mahmud bin al-Rabi', from 'Ubadah bin Nusayy.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Ata' bin 'Ajlan is matruk and accused (of lying), and we found no biography for Khalid bin Mahmud.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Ata' bin 'Ajlan is matruk and accused (of lying), and we found no biography for Khalid bin Mahmud.
وأخرجه أبو نعيم في "الحلية" 1/ 268 من طريق عطاء بن عجلان، عن خالد بن محمود بن الربيع، عن عبادة بن نسي بنحوه. وعطاء بن عجلان متروك متهم، وخالد بن محمود لم نقف له على ترجمة.
Reference / Source: It was recorded by Husayn al-Marwazi in his additions to Ibn al-Mubarak's "al-Zuhd" (1114), al-Tabari in "Tahdhib al-Athar" (Musnad 'Umar 1121-1123), Ibn Zabr al-Raba'i in "Wasaya al-'Ulama'" (p. 72), Abu Nu'aym in "al-Hilyah" (1/268), al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman" (6409, 6410) and Ibn 'Abd al-Barr in "Jami' Bayan al-'Ilm" (1203), through the route of Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri; and by al-Tabari (1124), Ibn Battah in "al-Ibanah al-Kubra" (4/167-168) and Abu Nu'aym (1/269) through the route of Raja' bin Haywah; both of them (al-Zuhri and Raja') from Mahmud bin al-Rabi', from Shaddad bin Aws, who said:
Details of the narration: "O ruin of the Arabs! O ruin of the Arabs! I fear for you (this Ummah) showing off (riya') and hidden desire." This is the wording of al-Zuhri's narration.
Grading: And its chain is sahih.
Details of the narration: "O ruin of the Arabs! O ruin of the Arabs! I fear for you (this Ummah) showing off (riya') and hidden desire." This is the wording of al-Zuhri's narration.
Grading: And its chain is sahih.
وأخرج حسين المروزي في زوائده على "الزهد" لابن المبارك (1114)، والطبري في مسند عمر من "تهذيب الآثار" (1121 - 1123)، وابن زَبْر الرَّبَعي في "وصايا العلماء" ص 72، وأبو نُعيم في "الحلية" 1/ 268، والبيهقي في "شعب الإيمان" (6409) و (6410)، وابن عبد البر في "جامع بيان العلم" (1203) من طريق ابن شِهاب الزهري، والطبري (1124)، وابن بطة في "الإبانة الكبرى" 4/ 167 - 168، وأبو نعيم 1/ 269 من طريق رجاء بن حيوة، كلاهما عن محمود بن الربيع، عن شداد بن أوس قال: يا نعايا العرب، يا نعايا العرب، إني أخاف عليكم - هذه الأمّة - الرّياءَ والشهوةَ الخفية. هذا لفظ رواية الزهري، وسندها صحيح.
Reference / Source: Al-Mu'afa bin 'Imran recorded it in "al-Zuhd" (200) through the route of Shurayh bin 'Ubayd al-Hadrami, from Shaddad bin Aws, who said: "Among what I fear for you are a hidden desire and a distracting blessing, and that will be when you are sated with deeds and hungry for knowledge."
Grading: There is no harm in its narrators (la ba'sa bihim).
Grading: There is no harm in its narrators (la ba'sa bihim).
وأخرج المعافى بن عمران في "الزهد" (200) من طريق شريح بن عبيد الحضرمي، عن شداد بن أوس قال: مما أخاف عليكم شهوة خفية، ونعمة ملهية، وذلك حين تشبعون من العمل، وتجوعون من العلم. ورجاله لا بأس بهم.
