المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
إن رسول الله لم يوقف فى الخمر حدا
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not fix a set punishment for wine
Hadith Number: 8323
اخبرنا محمد بن احمد بن تميم القنطري بها، حدثنا ابو قلابة، حدثنا ابو عاصم، حدثنا ابن جريج، اخبرني محمد بن علي بن ركانة، اخبرني عكرمة، عن ابن عباس: ان رسول الله ﷺ لم يقت في الخمر حدا. قال ابن عباس: شرب رجل فسكر، فلقي يميل في الفج، فانطلقنا به إلى النبي ﷺ، فلما حاذى بدار العباس انفلت فدخل على العباس فالتزمه، فذكر ذلك للنبي ﷺ فضحك، وقال:"افعلها؟" ولم يامر فيه بشيء (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 8124 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 8124 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not fixed any (set) prescribed punishment for drinking wine. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: A man drank wine and became intoxicated, and he was found staggering in the road, so we set off taking him to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he came level with the house of Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), he broke free (from our hands), ran off and clung to Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). This was mentioned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled and said: "Did he do that?" And he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave no order (of punishment) concerning him.
This hadith is sahih al-isnad (its chain is authentic), but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف، محمَّد بن علي بن ركانة» [ترقيم الرساله 8323] [ترقيم الشركة 8224] [ترقيم العلميه 8124]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8323 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) Its isnad is da'if (weak).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Muhammad bin Ali bin Rukanah - who is Ibn Ali bin Yazid bin Rukanah - is "majhul al-hal" (one whose condition is unknown), while there is no harm in the rest of its narrators. However, al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar considered this isnad strong in "Fath al-Bari" 21/ 434.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Muhammad bin Ali bin Rukanah - who is Ibn Ali bin Yazid bin Rukanah - is "majhul al-hal" (one whose condition is unknown), while there is no harm in the rest of its narrators. However, al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar considered this isnad strong in "Fath al-Bari" 21/ 434.
(1) إسناده ضعيف، محمَّد بن علي بن ركانة - وهو ابن علي بن يزيد بن ركانة - مجهول الحال، وباقي رجاله لا بأس بهم، وقد قوّى هذا الإسناد الحافظ ابن حجر في "فتح الباري" 21/ 434.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Asim: he is al-Dahhak bin Makhlad; and Ibn Jurayj: he is Abd al-Malik bin Abd al-Aziz.
أبو عاصم: هو الضحاك بن مخلد، وابن جريج: هو عبد الملك بن عبد العزيز.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded by Abu Dawud (4476) and al-Nasa'i (5271) via two different routes from Abu Asim al-Nabil, with this same isnad.
وأخرجه أبو داود (4476)، والنسائي (5271) من طريقين عن أبي عاصم النبيل، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded by Ahmad 5/ (2963) and al-Nasa'i (5272) via Rawh, from Ibn Jurayj, in the same way.
وأخرجه أحمد 5/ (2963)، والنسائي (5272) من طريق روح، عن ابن جريجٍ، به.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The meaning of the hadith of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that the number of lashes was not fixed in the time of the Prophet, is supported by what al-Bukhari (6778) and Muslim (1707) recorded via Umayr bin Sa'id, who said: I heard Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) say: "I would not carry out a hadd punishment on anyone and, should he die, feel anything in my heart about it, except the one who drinks wine; for if he dies (from the punishment) I would pay his blood money, and that is because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not lay down (a fixed amount) for it." See further: "Fath al-Bari" 21/ 425.
ويشهد لمعنى حديث ابن عباس في عدم تحديد عدد الجلدات على عهد النبي ﷺ ما رواه البخاري (6778) ومسلم (1707) من طريق عمير بن سعيد قال: سمعت علي بن أبي طالب قال: ما كنت لأقيمَ حدًا على أحد فيموت فأجد في نفسي، إلَّا صاحب الخمر، فإنه لو مات وديته، وذلك أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ لم يسنه. وانظر "فتح الباري" 21/ 425.
Note / Clarification: And likewise the hadiths that will come shortly (support it): the hadith of al-Sa'ib bin Yazid, number (8326); the hadith of Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar, number (8329); and the hadith of Ibn Abbas himself, number (8331).
وما سيأتي من حديث السائب بن يزيد برقم (8326)، وحديث عبد الرحمن بن أزهر برقم (8329)، وحديث ابن عباس نفسه الآتي برقم (8331).
Reference / Source: Muslim (1706) and others recorded from the hadith of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): "A man who had drunk wine was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he struck him with two palm stalks about forty times." And in another narration of Muslim (1706): "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to strike with sandals and palm stalks forty times."
وأخرج مسلم (1706) وغيره من حديث أنس: أنَّ النبي ﷺ أتي برجل قد شرب الخمر، فجلده بجريدتين نحو أربعين. وفي رواية أخرى عند مسلم (1706): أنَّ النبي ﷺ كان يضرب بالنعال والجريد أربعين.
Reference / Source: Muslim (1707) recorded from the hadith of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) … in which there is: "Then he (i.e. Uthman bin Affan) said: O Abd Allah bin Ja'far, stand up and flog him. So he flogged him while Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) counted, until he reached forty. Then Ali said: Stop. Then he said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave forty lashes, Abu Bakr gave forty, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) gave eighty, and all of it is Sunnah, and this (the forty) is dearer to me."
وأخرج مسلم (1707) من حديث علي … وفيه: فقال (يعني عثمان بن عفان): يا عبد الله بن جعفر قم فاجلده، فجلده وعلي يعد حتى بلغ أربعين، فقال: أمِسك، ثم قال: جلد النبي ﷺ أربعين، وجلد أبو بكر أربعين، وعمر ثمانين، وكلٌّ سنة، وهذا أحب إلي.
General principle: See al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar's "Fath al-Bari" 21/ 433 - 435.
وانظر "فتح الباري" للحافظ ابن حجر 21/ 433 - 435.
