المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
إن رسول الله لم يوقف فى الخمر حدا
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not fix a set punishment for wine
Hadith Number: 8329
حدثنا ابو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا بكار بن قتيبة القاضي، حدثنا صفوان بن عيسى القاضي، اخبرنا اسامة بن زيد، عن الزهري، قال: حدثني عبد الرحمن بن ازهر قال: رايت رسول الله ﷺ يوم حنين وهو يتخلل الناس، يسال عن منزل خالد بن الوليد، فاتي بسكران، فامر رسول الله ﷺ من كان عنده ان يضربوه بما كان في ايديهم. قال: وحثا رسول الله ﷺ التراب في وجهه. قال: ثم اتي ابو بكر بسكران، قال: فتوخى الذين كان من ضربهم يومئذ، فضرب اربعين، وضرب عمر اربعين (1).
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar (may Allah be pleased with him); he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of the Battle of Hunayn passing among the people, asking about the camp of Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him). Meanwhile a drunkard was brought, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered those who were with him to beat him with whatever they had in their hands. The narrator said: And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also threw dust in his face. Then a drunkard was brought to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), and, keeping in view the beating of that day, he gave him forty lashes, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also gave forty lashes.
تخریج الحدیث: «حديث حسن، وهذا إسناد منقطع، فالزهري لم يسمع هذا الحديث من عبد الرحمن بن الأزهر، بينهما عبدُ الله بن عبد الرحمن بن الأزهر، وقد روى عنه غير واحد، وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات"، فمثلُه حسن الحديث إن شاء الله، فهو تابعي ويروي الخبر عن أبيه أيضًا» [ترقيم الرساله 8329] [ترقيم الشركة 8230]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8329 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) This hadith is "hasan", although this isnad is "munqati'" (broken).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): For al-Zuhri did not hear this hadith (directly) from Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar; between the two of them is "Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar", from whom more than one narrator has narrated, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in "al-Thiqat". So a narrator like him is, if Allah wills, "hasan al-hadith"; he is a Tabi'i and also narrates reports from his father. As for the narration of Usamah bin Zayd in which al-Zuhri explicitly states that he heard it from Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar, some scholars have judged it a "wahm" (mistake), as will come, and others besides him narrated it without mentioning hearing.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): For al-Zuhri did not hear this hadith (directly) from Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar; between the two of them is "Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar", from whom more than one narrator has narrated, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in "al-Thiqat". So a narrator like him is, if Allah wills, "hasan al-hadith"; he is a Tabi'i and also narrates reports from his father. As for the narration of Usamah bin Zayd in which al-Zuhri explicitly states that he heard it from Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar, some scholars have judged it a "wahm" (mistake), as will come, and others besides him narrated it without mentioning hearing.
(1) حديث حسن، وهذا إسناد منقطع، فالزهري لم يسمع هذا الحديث من عبد الرحمن بن الأزهر، بينهما عبدُ الله بن عبد الرحمن بن الأزهر، وقد روى عنه غير واحد، وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات"، فمثلُه حسن الحديث إن شاء الله، فهو تابعي ويروي الخبر عن أبيه أيضًا. ورواية أسامة بن زيد التي فيها تصريح الزهري بسماعه له من عبد الرحمن بن أزهر وهَّمها بعضُ أهل العلم كما سيأتي، ورواها غيرُه فلم يذكروا سماعًا.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded by Ahmad 31/ (19089) and al-Nasa'i (5262) via Safwan bin Isa, with this same isnad, in abridged form.
وأخرجه أحمد 31/ (19089)، والنسائي (5262) من طريق صفوان بن عيسى، بهذا الإسناد مختصرًا.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded in full and in abridged form by Ahmad 27/ (16809) and 31/ (19079), (19080) and (19090) and Abu Dawud (4487) and (4489) via several routes from Usamah bin Zayd, in the same way.
وأخرجه تامًّا ومختصرًا أحمد 27/ (16809) و 31/ (19079) و (19080) و (19090)، وأبو داود (4487) و (4489) من طرق عن أسامة بن زيد، به.
Reference / Source: It was also recorded by al-Shafi'i in "al-Umm" 7/ 447 via Ma'mar, and by Ahmad 31/ (19082) and al-Nasa'i (5263) via Salih bin Kaysan, both of them from al-Zuhri, in the same way.
وأخرجه الشافعي في "الأم" 7/ 447 من طريق معمر، وأحمد 31/ (19082)، والنسائي (5263) من طريق صالح بن كيسان، كلاهما عن الزهري، به.
Reference / Source: The core of this hadith is from the narration of Ma'mar found in Musnad Ahmad 27/ (16811) and 31/ (19081) and (19088), and Sahih Ibn Hibban (7090).
Note / Clarification: In these narrations the story of the drinker and his beating is not mentioned.
Note / Clarification: In these narrations the story of the drinker and his beating is not mentioned.
وأصل الحديث من رواية معمر عند أحمد 27/ (16811) و 31/ (19081) و (19088)، وابن حبان (7090)، دون قصة الشارب وضربه.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Uqayl bin Khalid contradicted them (Ma'mar and the others), as found in Sunan Abi Dawud (4488) and Sunan al-Nasa'i (5264). He narrated it with the chain: al-Zuhri, from Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar, from his father.
Note / Clarification: Abu Dawud said after this narration: Uqayl bin Khalid inserted, in this hadith, 'Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin al-Azhar from his father' between al-Zuhri and Ibn al-Azhar. Al-Nasa'i said: This (the narration of Uqayl) is closer to being correct than the one before it.
Note / Clarification: Abu Dawud said after this narration: Uqayl bin Khalid inserted, in this hadith, 'Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin al-Azhar from his father' between al-Zuhri and Ibn al-Azhar. Al-Nasa'i said: This (the narration of Uqayl) is closer to being correct than the one before it.
وخالفهم عُقيل بن خالد عند أبي داود (4488)، والنسائي (5264)، فرواه عن الزهري، عن عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن بن أزهر، عن أبيه. قال أبو داود عقبه: أدخل عقيل بن خالد بين الزهري وبين ابن الأزهر - في هذا الحديث - عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن بن الأزهر عن أبيه. وقال النسائي: وهذا أولى بالصواب من الذي قبله.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Hatim and Abu Zur'ah al-Razi (as in "'Ilal Ibn Abi Hatim": 1344) said: Al-Zuhri did not hear this hadith from (the Companion) Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar; rather, 'Abd Allah bin Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar' is inserted as an intermediary between the two. I asked the two of them: Who inserts this intermediary between them? They said: Uqayl bin Khalid.
وقال أبو حاتم وأبو زرعة الرازيان - كما في "علل ابن أبي حاتم" (1344) -: لم يسمع الزهري هذا الحديثَ من عبد الرحمن بن أزهر، يدخل بينهما عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن بن أزهر، قلت لهما: من يدخل بينهما ابن عبد الرحمن بن أزهر؟ قالا: عقيل بن خالد.
Reference / Source: This hadith passed earlier as number (8327) via Abu Salamah and Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib, both of whom narrate it from Abd al-Rahman bin Azhar.
Grading: Its isnad is 'hasan'.
Grading: Its isnad is 'hasan'.
وسلف الحديث برقم (8327) من طريق أبي سلمة ويحيى بن عبد الرحمن بن حاطب كلاهما عن عبد الرحمن بن أزهر، وإسناده حسن.
