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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
كِتَابُ الْخُلَافَةِ وَالْإِمَارَةِ
The Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الفضلُ الْأَوَّلُ فِي أَصْلِ الْخَوَارِج
The first section regarding the origin of the Khawarij
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Hadith Number: 12353
عن ابي سعيد الخدري قال بعث علي من اليمن إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بذهبة في اديم مقروظ لم تحصل من ترابها فقسمها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بين اربعة بين زيد الخير والاقرع بن حابس وعيينة بن حصن وعلقمة بن علاثة او عامر بن الطفيل شك عمارة فوجد من ذلك بعض اصحابه والانصار وغيرهم فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”الا تاتمنوني وانا امين من في السماء ياتيني خبر من السماء صباحا ومساء“ ثم اتاه رجل غائر العينين مشرف الوجنتين ناشز الجبهة كث اللحية مشمر الإزار محلوق الراس فقال اتق الله يا رسول الله قال فرفع راسه إليه فقال ”ويحك الست احق اهل الارض ان يتقي الله انا“ ثم ادبر فقال خالد يا رسول الله الا اضرب عنقه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”فلعله يكون يصلي“ فقال إنه رب مصل يقول بلسانه ما ليس في قلبه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”إني لم اومر ان انقب عن قلوب الناس ولا اشق بطونهم“ ثم نظر إليه النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو مقف فقال ”ها إنه سيخرج من ضئضئ هذا قوم يقرءون القرآن لا يجاوز حناجرهم يمرقون من الدين كما يمرق السهم من الرمية“ زاد في رواية ”يقتلون اهل الإسلام ويدعون اهل الاوثان لئن انا ادركتهم لاقتلنهم قتل عاد“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) sent gold enclosed in tanned leather from Yemen to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), which had not yet been cleaned of earth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed that gold among Zayd Khayr, Aqra' bin Habis, 'Uyainah bin Hisn, and 'Alqamah bin 'Ulathah or 'Amir bin Tufayl (this doubt is from one of the narrators of the hadith, 'Ammarah; the correct one is 'Alqamah bin 'Ulathah because 'Amir had died many years earlier) , , . Some of the Companions and the Ansar, etc., felt this was sufficient, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you not consider me trustworthy and honest? Even though I am Allah's trustee, and news comes to me from the heavens morning and evening." In another narration, some people from the Quraysh and the Ansar became angry at this distribution. They said: "You give gifts to the prominent people of Najd and leave us out." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am winning their hearts." After this, a man came to you; his eyes were sunken, cheeks prominent, forehead high, beard thick, garment raised high, and head shaved. He said: "O Messenger of Allah! Fear Allah." In another narration, he said: "O Muhammad! Fear Allah." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his blessed head towards him and said: "Woe to you! Of all the people on the face of the earth, am I not the most deserving to fear Allah?" After this, that man went away. Seeing all this, Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah! Should I not strike his neck?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No! Perhaps he prays." Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Some who pray say such things with their tongues that are not in their hearts." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have not been commanded to split open people's hearts or cut open their bellies to see inside them." That same man was turning his back and leaving, and the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at him and said: "From his progeny, there will arise people who will recite the Qur'an, but the Qur'an will not go beyond their throats, and they will leave the religion just as an arrow swiftly leaves the hunted prey." In another narration, the words are: "They will kill the people of Islam and leave the idol-worshippers alone. If I find them, I will kill them as the people of 'Ad were killed, so that not even a trace of them remains." , , .


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اخرجه البخاري: 3344
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Hadith Number: 12354
حدثنا روح حدثنا عثمان الشحام حدثنا مسلم بن ابي بكرة عن ابيه ان نبي الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم مر برجل ساجد وهو ينطلق إلى الصلاة فقضى الصلاة ورجع عليه وهو ساجد فقام النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقال ”من يقتل هذا“ فقام رجل فحسر عن يديه فاخترط سيفه وهزه ثم قال يا نبي الله بابي انت وامي كيف اقتل رجلا ساجدا يشهد ان لا إله إلا الله وان محمدا عبده ورسوله ثم قال ”من يقتل هذا“ فقام رجل فقال انا فحسر عن ذراعيه واخترط سيفه وهزه حتى ارعدت يده فقال يا نبي الله كيف اقتل رجلا ساجدا يشهد ان لا إله إلا الله وان محمدا عبده ورسوله فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”والذي نفس محمد بيده لو قتلتموه لكان اول فتنة وآخرها“
Muslim bin Abi Bakrah narrates from his father: That a man was in the state of prostration when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was also going for prayer at that time. After performing the prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, and that man was still in prostration. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stopped and said: Who will kill him? Then a man stood up, rolled up his sleeves from his arms, drew his sword, and waved it. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah, may my parents be sacrificed for you, how can I kill a man who is in prostration and bears witness to the oneness of Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is Allah’s servant and Messenger? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: Who will kill him? Then another man stood up and said: I will. Then he rolled up his sleeves and drew his sword, and waved it so much that his hand began to tremble. He said: O Messenger of Allah! How can I kill a man who is in the state of prostration and bears witness to the oneness of Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is Allah’s servant and Messenger?


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: رجاله رجال الصححيح
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Hadith Number: 12355
عن ابي سعيد الخدري ان ابا بكر جاء إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقال يا رسول الله إني مررت بوادي كذا وكذا فإذا رجل متخشع حسن الهيئة يصلي فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”اذهب إليه فاقتله“ قال فذهب إليه ابو بكر فلما رآه على تلك الحال كره ان يقتله فرجع إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم لعمر ”اذهب فاقتله“ فذهب عمر فرآه على تلك الحال التي رآه ابو بكر قال فكره ان يقتله قال فرجع فقال يا رسول الله إني رايته يصلي متخشعا فكرهت ان اقتله قال ”يا علي اذهب فاقتله“ قال فذهب علي فلم يره فرجع علي فقال يا رسول الله إنه لم يره قال فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”إن هذا واصحابه يقرءون القرآن لا يجاوز تراقيهم يمرقون من الدين كما يمرق السهم من الرمية ثم لا يعودون فيه حتى يعود السهم في فوقه فاقتلوهم هم شر البرية“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I passed through such-and-such valley and there I saw a handsome and beautiful man performing prayer with extreme humility and devotion. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Go and kill him. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went back to him and found him in the same state; he did not consider it appropriate to kill him, so he returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): You go and kill him. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went there and found him in the same state as Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) had seen him; he also did not consider it right to kill him, and after returning said: O Messenger of Allah! I saw him performing prayer with great humility, so I did not consider it right to kill him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Ali! You go and kill him. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went but did not find him there. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) returned and said: O Messenger of Allah! I did not see him. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He and his companions will recite the Qur'an beautifully, but it will not go below their chests, and they will go out of the religion just as an arrow passes through the bow, and they will not return to the religion until the arrow returns to its bow. You should kill them; they will be the worst of all people.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده ضعيف
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Hadith Number: 12356
عن مقسم ابي القاسم مولى عبد الله بن الحارث بن نوفل قال خرجت انا وتليد بن كلاب الليثي حتى اتينا عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص وهو يطوف بالبيت معلقا نعليه بيده فقلنا له هل حضرت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم حين يكلمه التميمي يوم حنين قال نعم اقبل رجل من بني تميم يقال له ذو الخويصرة فوقف على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو يعطي الناس قال يا محمد قد رايت ما صنعت في هذا اليوم فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”اجل فكيف رايت“ قال لم ارك عدلت قال فغضب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ثم قال ”ويحك إن لم يكن العدل عندي فعند من يكون“ فقال عمر بن الخطاب يا رسول الله الا نقتله قال ”لا دعوه فإنه سيكون له شيعة يتعمقون في الدين حتى يخرجوا منه كما يخرج السهم من الرمية ينظر في النصل فلا يوجد شيء ثم في القدح فلا يوجد شيء ثم في الفوق فلا يوجد شيء سبق الفرث والدم“ قال ابو عبد الرحمن ابو عبيدة هذا اسمه محمد ثقة واخوه سلمة بن محمد بن عمار لم يرو عنه إلا علي بن زيد ولا نعلم خبره ومقسم ليس به باس ولهذا الحديث طرق في هذا المعنى وطرق اخر في هذا المعنى صحاح والله سبحانه وتعالى اعلم
Maqsam Abu al-Qasim Mawla Abdullah bin Harith bin Nawfal narrates that I and Talid bin Kilab Laithi set out and we reached Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him), who was carrying his shoes in his hands and performing Tawaf of the Ka'bah. I said to him: Were you present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Hunayn when a Tamimi was conversing with him? He said: Yes, a man from Banu Tamim came, who was called Dhu al-Khuwaysirah. He came and stood before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was distributing gifts among the people. He said: O Muhammad, I have seen what you are doing today. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, what have you seen? He said: I have seen that you have not acted justly. At this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and said: Woe to you! If justice is not with me, then with whom will it be? Then Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) requested: O Messenger of Allah! Should we not kill him? He said: No, leave him. Some people will be his supporters and they will go to such extremes in religion that they will exit from the religion as an arrow passes through the prey. If you look at the arrow carefully, there is not even a trace of blood on any part of it; it passes swiftly between blood and dung. Abu Abdur Rahman said: The narrator of this hadith, Abu Ubaidah, is Muhammad and he is a trustworthy narrator. Only Ali bin Zaid has narrated hadith from his brother Salamah bin Muhammad bin Ammar; we are not aware of his circumstances. Maqsim is also an accepted narrator. There are many authentic chains for this hadith. And Allah, the Most Glorious and Exalted, knows best.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح
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Hadith Number: 12357
عن ابي سعيد الخدري عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم نحوه وزاد بعد قوله ”سبق الفرث والدم“ منهم رجل اسود في إحدى يديه او قال إحدى ثدييه مثل ثدي المراة او مثل البضعة تدردر يخرجون على حين فترة من الناس فنزلت فيهم {ومنهم من يلمزك في الصدقات} [التوبة: 58] الآية قال ابو سعيد اشهد اني سمعت هذا من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم واشهد ان عليا حين قتله وانا معه جيء بالرجل على النعت الذي نعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) a narration similar to the previous hadith. In it, there is also this: Among those people will be a black man whose one arm will be like a woman's breast, or he said: his one arm will be like a piece of flesh and it will move. These people will emerge at a certain time. Regarding these very people, these verses were revealed: {وَمِنْہُمْ مَنْ یَلْمِزُکَ فِی الصَّدَقَاتِ} … And among them are those who criticize you concerning the distribution of charities. Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I bear witness that I heard this from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I bear witness that when Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) killed them, I was with him at that time, and that man was exactly as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had described.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اخرجه البخاري: 3610
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Hadith Number: 12358
عن شريك بن شهاب قال كنت اتمنى ان القى رجلا من اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يحدثني عن الخوارج فلقيت ابا برزة في يوم عرفة في نفر من اصحابه فقلت يا ابا برزة حدثنا بشيء سمعته من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقوله في الخوارج فقال احدثك بما سمعت اذناي ورات عيناي اتي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بدنانير فكان يقسمها وعنده رجل اسود مطموم الشعر عليه ثوبان ابيضان بين عينيه اثر السجود فتعرض لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فاتاه من قبل وجهه فلم يعطه شيئا ثم اتاه من خلفه فلم يعطه شيئا فقال والله يا محمد ما عدلت منذ اليوم في القسمة فغضب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم غضبا شديدا ثم قال ”والله لا تجدون بعدي احدا اعدل عليكم مني“ قالها ثلاثا ثم قال ”يخرج من قبل المشرق رجال كان هذا منهم هديهم هكذا يقرءون القرآن لا يجاوز تراقيهم يمرقون من الدين كما يمرق السهم من الرمية لا يرجعون إليه ووضع يده على صدره سيماهم التحليق لا يزالون يخرجون حتى يخرج آخرهم فإذا رايتموهم فاقتلوهم قالها ثلاثا شر الخلق والخليقة قالها ثلاثا“ وقد قال حماد لا يرجعون فيه
Shareek bin Shihab says: I used to wish that I could meet a companion who would tell me about the Khawarij. By chance, I met Abu Barzah Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of Arafah; he was with some of his companions. I said: O Abu Barzah! Please narrate to me any hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in which he mentioned the Khawarij. He said that dinars were brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was distributing them. A black and bald man was standing by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), wearing two white garments, and there were marks of prostration between his eyes. He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from the front, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give him anything. Then he came from behind, but again the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give him anything. He said: By Allah! You have not been just at all in today’s distribution. Hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became extremely angry. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Allah! After me, you will not find anyone more just than me. He said this three times. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Some people will appear from the east; this man seems to be among them. They will recite the Qur’an, but it will not go below their chests. They will leave the religion just as an arrow passes cleanly through the prey. One of the narrators in this chain, Hammad, placed his hand on his chest and narrated: Those people will not return to the religion. Their sign will be that they will shave their heads. They will keep leaving the religion until their last man (will emerge) with the Dajjal. If you see them, then kill them. He also said this three times: They will be the worst of all people. He repeated this three times as well.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح لغيره دون قوله: حتي يخرج آخرھم
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Hadith Number: 12359
وعن ابي بكرة رضي الله عنه قال اتي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بدنانير فكان يقسمها فذكر مثل حديث ابي برزة المتقدم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that dinars were brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and what follows is similar to the previous hadith of Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him).


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح لغيره
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