It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We were besieging the fort of Khaybar, when a man threw a skin of fat towards us. I went to take it, but felt shy upon seeing the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).

(On the authority of another chain) On the day of Khaybar, a waterskin of fat was hung up. I clung to it and said: I will not give anyone anything from it. Then when I turned towards the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he was smiling.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Bahili, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: I asked Sayyiduna Ubadah bin Samit about the verse of Anfal. He said: This verse was revealed about the people of Badr. When we disagreed over the spoils of war and began to behave badly regarding it, Allah Almighty took this matter out of our hands and entrusted it to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, distributed that wealth equally among the Muslims.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We went out with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), I was with him in the Battle of Badr. When the people confronted each other, Allah Almighty defeated the enemies. A part of the Islamic army pursued the enemies, defeating and killing them, another part fell upon the spoils of war and began to collect them, and a part surrounded the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) so that the enemy would not take advantage of any negligence and harm him. This continued until night fell and all the people returned. Those who had collected the spoils said: We have gathered this wealth, no one else has any share in it. The group that pursued the enemy said: You are not more entitled to this wealth than us; we drove the enemy away from this wealth and defeated them. And those who protected the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You are not more entitled to this wealth than us; we surrounded the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and we feared that the enemy might take advantage of any negligence and harm him, and thus we remained engaged there. Then this verse was revealed: {یَسْأَلُونَکَ عَنْ الْأَنْفَالِ، قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلّٰہِ وَالرَّسُولِ، فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰہَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَیْنِکُمْ} … They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger. So fear Allah and set right the relations among yourselves. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed this wealth among the Muslims in the time it takes to milk a she-camel. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) attacked in the enemy’s land, he would give an extra fourth share, and if it happened on the return, due to the fatigue of the fighters, he would give an extra third share. However, he (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked that people should be greedy for extra shares, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: The strong among the Muslims should include the weak in the extra shares.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I said, "O Messenger of Allah! The person who protects the people at the time of defeat, will his share be equal to that of the other warriors?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O son of Sa'd's mother! May your mother lose you, it is only because of your weak ones that you are given sustenance and you are helped."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Bring to me your weak ones, for you are only provided sustenance and granted help because of your weak ones.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miqdam bin Ma’di Karib Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was sitting with Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit, Sayyiduna Abu Darda, and Sayyiduna Harith bin Mu’awiyah Kindi. They mentioned a hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna ‘Ubada (may Allah be pleased with him): O ‘Ubada, regarding the spoils of such-and-such battles, the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna ‘Ubada (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) led us in prayer during a battle, while in front of him was a camel from the spoils of war which had not yet been distributed. When he finished the prayer with salam, he stood up, took hold of the camel’s hair between his two fingers, and said: Even this hair is from your spoils, and I have no share with you in this wealth except the khums (one-fifth), and that khums too will be returned to you. Therefore, return the thread and the needle and everything smaller or greater than them.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, he says: I saw that the spoils of war were divided into five parts, then those parts were further divided. The portion that belonged to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he himself would select for it (i.e., he would give to whomever he wished and withhold from whomever he wished).

It is narrated from Abu Zubair that Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked: What did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) do with the khums? He said: From it, he would give a mount to a man in the way of Allah, then give to another man, and then give to another man.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jubair bin Mut’im (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the share of Khaybar among Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, I (Jubair) and Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! These are Banu Hashim, their excellence cannot be denied, because of the status Allah Almighty has declared for them through you, but please consider that these, our brothers Banu Muttalib, you have given to them and left us out, while we and Banu Muttalib are at the same position with you (i.e., our degree of kinship with you is the same as theirs). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: These people have not separated from me in the time of ignorance nor in Islam; Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib are one and the same. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) interlaced his fingers.