It is narrated from Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him), in mursal form, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Distribute the wealth according to its fixed shares, then whatever is left over from the fixed shares is for the nearest male relative."

It is narrated from Qabisah bin Dhu'ayb that after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), a grandmother came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: I have a right (of inheritance), because my grandson (son's son, or daughter's son) has died. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I do not find any fixed right for you in the Book of Allah, nor have I heard anything from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about it; however, I will ask the people." Then Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) testified that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had given the grandmother one-sixth (1/6). Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Has anyone else heard this along with you?" Then Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) also testified, so Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) gave her one-sixth. This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Abu Salamah that a man came to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and asked: A man has died and left his daughter and his full sister (so what is the ruling on the inheritance)? He said: "The daughter gets half, and the sister gets nothing." The man said: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave a ruling contrary to this, that the daughter gets half and the sister also gets half! Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Do you know better, or Allah?" (The narrator says:) I did not understand the reason for this until I met Ibn Tawus. I mentioned this hadith of al-Zuhri to him, and he told me that his father heard Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) say: Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: "If a man dies having no child, and he has a sister, then for her is half of what he left" [Surah al-Nisa: 176] . What Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) meant was that you people have fixed half for the sister even when the deceased has a child (a daughter). This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Does anyone have a saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) concerning (the inheritance of) the grandfather?" I said: I have. He asked: What is it? I said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him one-sixth (1/6). He asked: "Along with whom (among the other heirs)?" I said: I do not know. So he said (in regret): "Then may you never know." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) treated the grandfather as standing in the place of the father (in matters of inheritance) (that is, in the absence of the father, he inherits like the father). This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

Kharijah bin Zayd bin Thabit narrates from his father that when Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) consulted the Companions concerning the inheritance of the grandfather and the brothers, Zayd said: My view was that the brothers have a greater right to the inheritance than the grandfather, whereas Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) held the view at that time that the grandfather has a greater right to the inheritance of his grandson than the grandson's brothers. Zayd said: "I discussed this with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and presented an example before him to clarify the matter; and Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) also presented before Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that day the example of a flowing flood, and they would present this example and apply it in the same way that Zayd had applied it." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Urwah bin al-Zubayr that Marwan bin al-Hakam told him that when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was stabbed, he said: "I have formed an opinion concerning the inheritance of the grandfather; if you see fit, then follow it." At this Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If we follow your opinion, it is entirely right guidance; and if we follow the opinion of the elder before you (Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him), then what an excellent man of opinion he was." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that among the rulings of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was this: for two grandmothers (paternal or maternal), one-sixth (al-sudus) of the inheritance is fixed, to be divided between them equally. This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "The first to rule for 'awl (proportional reduction) in the fixed shares (of inheritance) was Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). By Allah! If people had given precedence to those whom Allah gave precedence and deferred those whom Allah deferred, no case of fixed shares would ever have needed 'awl." He was asked: Whom has Allah given precedence and whom has He deferred? He said: "Every heir whose share Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, never lowers from one fixed amount except to another fixed amount, these are the ones whom Allah has given precedence; and every heir whose fixed share, when it is removed (due to the presence of others), receives only what remains, these are the ones whom Allah has deferred. For example, the husband, the wife and the mother (are given precedence), and those deferred are the sisters and the daughters. So when the heirs given precedence by Allah and those deferred are gathered together, one begins with those whom He gave precedence and gives them their full right; then if anything remains, it is for those who were deferred, and if nothing remains, then there is nothing for them." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Muslim, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Wathilah bin al-Asqa' (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A woman acquires three kinds of inheritance: that of the slave she freed, that of the abandoned foundling (laqit) she found, and that of the son concerning whom li'an (separation after an accusation of adultery) took place." This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.