It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The deceased is punished in his grave because of the lamentation made over him."

Abdullah, who was the servant of Sayyida Asma (may Allah be pleased with her), says that once Sayyida Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) sent me to Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: "I have heard that you declare three things to be forbidden: silk embroidery on clothes, red-colored clothes, and fasting for the entire month of Rajab." He sent back the reply: "Regarding what you mentioned about declaring the fasts of Rajab forbidden, how can a person who himself fasts throughout the year say such a thing? (i.e., I did not say this.) And as for the matter of embroidery on clothes, I heard Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever wears silk in this world will not be able to wear it in the Hereafter.'"

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that once we were between Makkah Mukarramah and Madinah Munawwarah with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) when the new moon of the first (of the month) appeared to us. My eyesight was sharp, so I said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him),“Do you see it?”He replied,“I will look now.”At that time, I was lying flat on the ground. Then Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) began to narrate a hadith regarding the people of Badr: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) showed us, a day before, all the places where the bodies of the disbelievers would fall. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would point out and say,“Here the body of so-and-so will fall, and insha’Allah, tomorrow so-and-so will be killed here.”And so it happened; they began to fall exactly at the places where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said. I said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him),“By the One Who sent you with the truth, they did not deviate even a little from the places you had indicated.”After that, by the order of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), their bodies were dragged and thrown into a well. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went to that well, stood by it, and called each one by name, saying,“Did you find the promise of your Lord to be true or not? I have found the promise of my Lord to be true.”I said,“O Messenger of Allah! Are you speaking to people who are dead?”He replied,“Whatever I am saying to them, you are not hearing any better than they are, except that they cannot reply (and you can reply).”

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that once the Banu Mu’ammar bin Habib came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) with a dispute regarding the guardianship (wala’) of their sister. He said:“I will judge between you in the same way as I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘Whatever a child or a father accumulates, it will belong to his ‘asaba (male relatives on the father’s side), whoever they may be.’”Accordingly, he gave his verdict in accordance with this.

Yahya bin Ya’mar and Humaid bin Abdur Rahman Himyari say that once we met Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). We brought up the issue of predestination before him and also mentioned people’s objections. After listening to us, he said: When you return to those people, tell them that Ibn Umar is free from you and you are free from him. He said this three times and then narrated this tradition: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says, One day we were sitting in the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when suddenly a man came walking. He had a beautiful complexion, beautiful hair, and was dressed in white clothes. Seeing this man, people looked at each other and signaled that we do not recognize him, and he does not even look like a traveler. The man said: O Messenger of Allah! May I come closer? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) allowed him, so he sat down with his knees touching the Prophet’s knees and placed his hands on the Prophet’s thighs and said: What is Islam? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“To bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, to give zakat, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj to the House of Allah.”He then asked: What is faith (iman)? He said:“To believe in Allah, His angels, Paradise and Hell, resurrection after the Day of Judgment, and in predestination.”He then asked: What is excellence (ihsan)? He said:“To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state, then (know that) He sees you.”He then asked: When will the Hour (Day of Judgment) come? He said:“The one being asked knows no more than the one asking, meaning we both are unaware in this matter.”He said: Then tell me some of its signs. He said:“When you see those who had tattered clothes and no shoes, who were poor and shepherds, today they will build tall buildings and boast over one another, and slave girls will give birth to their mistresses, then the Hour is near.”When that man left, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Bring that man back. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) went out to look for him but saw nothing. Two or three days later, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him):“O Ibn Khattab! Do you know who that questioner was?”He replied, Allah and His Messenger know best. He said:“That was Jibreel (Gabriel), who came to teach you the important matters of your religion.”The narrator says that a man from the tribe of Juhainah or Muzainah also asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) this question: O Messenger of Allah! The deeds we do, has their decision already been made or do we act first? He said:“Their decision has already been made.”He said: O Messenger of Allah! Then what is the benefit of action? He said:“The deeds of the people of Paradise are made easy for the people of Paradise, and the deeds of the people of Hell are made easy for the people of Hell.”

Abu al-Hakam says that once I asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the nabidh (fermented drink) made in a pitcher, so he replied that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade nabidh made in a pitcher and in a gourd, therefore, whoever wants to consider as forbidden what Allah and His Messenger have declared forbidden, should consider nabidh as forbidden. Abu al-Hakam says that then I asked the same question to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him), and he also said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade nabidh made in a pitcher and in a gourd. Then I asked the same question to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), so he narrated this hadith from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade (nabidh) in a gourd and in a green pitcher, and he narrated this hadith from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade (nabidh) in a pitcher, in a gourd, and from using hollowed-out wood as a vessel, and also forbade the wine of unripe and ripe dates.

Once, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the pulpit on a Friday to deliver the sermon. He mentioned the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), recalled Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and then said: I have seen a dream, and it seems to me that the time of my departure from this world is near. In my dream, I saw that a rooster pecked me twice. Some people are telling me to appoint my successor. It is certain that Allah will neither let His religion be lost nor the caliphate with which Allah sent His Prophet. Now, if my decision is made soon, I am appointing a council of those six people with whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was pleased at the time of his passing. I know that some people will try to create discord in the matter of caliphate. By Allah! I have fought with these hands of mine in defense of Islam against such people. If they do so, they are the enemies of Allah, disbelievers, and misguided. I have not left behind any issue more important than the issue of kalalah. After accompanying the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), I do not remember that he was ever displeased with me in any matter except the issue of kalalah, in which he was extremely displeased, and I have never argued with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as much as I did in the matter of kalalah, until the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) placed his finger on my chest and said:“Is it not sufficient for you in this matter the last verse of Surah An-Nisa which was revealed in the summer?”If I remain alive, I will resolve this issue in such a way that both those who read this verse and those who do not will know the solution. Then he said: I make Allah a witness that the governors and rulers I have sent to various cities are only for the purpose that they teach people the religion, explain the Sunnahs of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to them, distribute the spoils of war among them, do justice among them, and present before me those issues for which they have no solution. O people! You eat from two trees which I consider foul (one is garlic and the other is onion, which cause bad breath when eaten raw). I have seen that if the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sensed this odor from someone’s mouth, he would order and that person would be taken by hand and removed from the mosque, and not only that, but he would be escorted to Jannat al-Baqi and then people would return. If anyone wants to eat them, let him cook them to remove their odor.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that once I heard Sayyiduna Umar Farooq (may Allah be pleased with him) saying to Sayyiduna Talha (may Allah be pleased with him): "What is the matter, since the blessed passing of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), you have become disheveled and covered in dust? Did you not like the caliphate of your cousin, that is, me?" He replied: "Allah's refuge! I should never do such a thing. The real matter is that I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: 'I know a word that if a person says it at the time of death, it will make the soul's departure easy for him and on the Day of Resurrection it will be a source of light for him.' I regret that I could not ask the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this word, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself did not tell me either. That is why I am worried." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I know that word." Sayyiduna Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Alhamdulillah," and asked: "What is that word?" He replied: "The same word that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) presented before his uncle, that is, 'La ilaha illallah' (There is no god but Allah)." Sayyiduna Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "You have spoken the truth."

Tariq bin Shihab reports that a Jew came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Commander of the Faithful! You people recite a verse in your Book, if it had been revealed to us Jews, we would have made the day of its revelation a festival. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Which verse is that? He referred to the verse of the completion of religion. Upon this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! I know the day and the time when this verse was revealed. This verse was revealed to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Jumu’ah, on the eve of Arafah.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man shot another with an arrow, causing his death. He had only one heir, and that was his maternal uncle. Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah wrote to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding this matter. In reply, he wrote back that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever has no mawla, Allah and His Messenger are his mawla, and whoever has no heir, his maternal uncle will be his heir."