Benefits & Rulings:

➊ It is Sunnah to give advice and make a will at the time of departure.

➋ The importance of Taqwa (God-consciousness): Taqwa means to avoid sinful actions out of fear of displeasing Allah, so that one may be saved from the punishment of Hell.

➌ Obedience to a legitimate Islamic ruler is obligatory, except when he commands something clearly contrary to the teachings of Islam.

➍ The Prophet ﷺ said that many differences would arise in the Ummah. This prophecy came true, as numerous religious and political divisions later appeared among Muslims. The fact that the Prophet ﷺ foretold this is itself a proof of his prophethood.

➎ In times of disagreement, the final authority must be the Qur’an and Sunnah. The significance of the Sunnah is also affirmed in the Qur’an, where Allah says:
﴿فَإِن تَنازَعتُم فى شَىءٍ فَرُ‌دّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّ‌سولِ إِن كُنتُم تُؤمِنونَ بِاللَّهِ وَاليَومِ الٰاخِرِ‌ ذلِكَ خَيرٌ‌ وَأَحسَنُ تَأويلًا﴾ (An-Nisa: 59) “If you differ in anything among yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger if you truly believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination.”

➏ The lives of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Khulafa-e-Rashideen) are a shining example of adhering to the Qur’an and Sunnah. They directly learned Islam from the Prophet ﷺ himself, so their understanding of religion is trustworthy — especially since the Prophet ﷺ himself declared them to be rightly guided.

➐ The Rightly Guided Caliphs and other noble Companions acted upon the Qur’an and Sunnah and avoided innovations in religion (Bid’ah). Therefore, avoiding Bid’ah is necessary.

➑ Dividing Bid’ah into “good” (hasanah) and “bad” (sayyi’ah) in order to justify some innovations is incorrect. However, innovations related to non-religious, permissible worldly matters are not considered Bid’ah in the Shar’i (religious) sense, and therefore their use is permissible.