This contains evidence against the position of those scholars who claim that water is pure and washing the vessel is a devotional act, because it is impossible that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would command to pour away (and waste) pure, non-impure water.

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When a dog drinks from the vessel of any one of you, he should pour out that (liquid), and he should wash that vessel seven times. And when the strap of any one of your (shoes) breaks, he should not walk in that (shoe) until he has it repaired."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "When any one of you wakes up from his sleep, he should not put his hand into a vessel until he has washed it three times, for he does not know where his hand spent the night." (Which part it may have touched.) This is the hadith of Abdul Jabbar. In his narration, instead of explicitly mentioning the name of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he used the word «‏‏‏‏رواية» ‏‏‏‏. (This means that this narration is reported as marfu‘.)

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When any one of you wakes up from sleep, he should not put his hand into the water vessel for ablution until he has washed it, for he does not know where his hand spent the night on his body."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that it was submitted to Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to tell us about the time of hardship. He said: We set out towards Tabuk in intense heat. We camped at a place and became thirsty (while there was no water), to the extent that we began to think that soon our necks would be cut (meaning, we would die of thirst). So much so that if a person went out in search of water and did not return quickly, it was thought that his neck had been cut. (Then the situation reached such a point that) a person would slaughter his camel, squeeze its dung, and drink (the water), and whatever remained, he would pour it on his stomach. (Seeing these conditions) Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) submitted: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), indeed Allah Almighty has made you accustomed to supplicating for goodness (meaning, you frequently supplicate for goodness), so supplicate for us (that Allah Almighty grants us relief from this hardship). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked:“Do you wish (that I supplicate for you)?”They replied: Yes. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hands (for supplication). He had not yet lowered his hands (after finishing the supplication) when clouds gathered in the sky, darkness spread, and a heavy rain began. The Companions filled all their vessels, then when we left (the place of the camp) and looked, it had not rained outside the camp. Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If the water squeezed from dung was impure, then it would not have been permissible for anyone to pour it on his stomach, because in this way some part of his body would become impure, and he would not have pure water to wash the impure part. However, if there is a danger of death by not drinking water, then it is permissible to drink impure water to stay alive. Because Allah Almighty has, in the case of fear of death without eating carrion, blood, or pork, permitted eating these things in a state of necessity to save life—even though carrion, blood, and pork are impure and forbidden for one who is not in need. For the compelled person, it is permissible to eat them to save his life. Similarly, in a time of danger of death, it is also permissible for the compelled (forced) person to drink impure water so that by drinking it he can save his life. But to apply impure water to any part of the body when he knows for certain that if he does not apply it to his body, there is no danger to his life, nor is the preservation of his life connected to applying this water to any part of his body, and he does not have pure water to wash the part of the body that became impure, then in this situation, the use of such water is not permissible, nor is there any allowance for anyone to do this.

And the explanation of the evidence that the trunks of predatory animals that eat carrion, and those cattle and birds whose meat is forbidden to eat, when they touch (drink from) water that is less than two pots, and if no impurity is seen on their trunks and beaks, then the water does not become impure. Because it is established that the cat eats mice, yet the Prophet (peace be upon him) permitted performing ablution with water left over by it. Therefore, the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is evidence that when the trunks of animals that eat carrion touch water less than two pots, that water does not become impure, except for the dog, for which the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered the vessel to be washed seven times if it puts its mouth in it, and except for the pig, which is even more impure or similar to the dog.

It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: "Indeed, it (the cat) is not impure; it is like the household members (servants, slave girls), that is, the cat." Imam Dhahabi says in Al-Mizan that Sulaiman bin Musafi' is unknown.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him) that he says that Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to perform ablution from a vessel while a cat would be drinking from it. Hazrat Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him) states that Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The cat is part of the household belongings."

It is narrated from Sayyidah Kabshah bint Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter-in-law of Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him), that Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to her, so I poured water (in a vessel) for his ablution. (During this) a cat came and began to drink from it. Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) tilted the vessel for the cat until it drank (its fill). Sayyidah Kabshah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that he looked at me (noticing my astonished gaze) and said, "My niece, are you surprised (at this sight)?" She says, I said, "Yes." So he said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Indeed, it (the cat) is not impure. It is among those (servants) who go around among you.'"

And in this there is also evidence that there is no impurity in living things, even if it is such an animal whose meat is not permissible to eat. Except for that animal which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has specifically excluded, such as the dog and every predator to which the name of dog applies. Because the fly is not eaten and it is among those impure things about which Allah Almighty has stated that His chosen Prophet (peace be upon him) will declare them unlawful, in His statement «‏‏‏‏وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ» ‏‏‏‏ [ سورة الأعراف ] "He makes lawful for them the good things and forbids for them the impure things." The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has stated that if a fly falls into a vessel, the food and drink in it do not become impure. Because he (peace be upon him) has ordered that the fly be dipped into the vessel when it falls into it, even if the water is less than two pitchers.