And in the hadith, there is evidence that a person performing prayer is permitted to listen attentively and carefully to the conversation of someone speaking to him.

Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent me to Banu Mustaliq (for some task). So I returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and he was performing prayer while riding his donkey. I kept talking to him, and he indicated to me with his hand.

Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that one day we prayed with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he stood for a very long time. Then I saw that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stretched out his blessed hand as if to take hold of something. Then, when he finished the prayer with salam, he said: "Everything that you have been promised was shown to me at that moment—even Hell was shown to me, and a spark from it came towards me until it reached this place of mine, so I became afraid that it might engulf you."

Sayyiduna Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was standing and offering prayer, then he (peace be upon him) extended his hand as if he was catching something. When he (peace be upon him) finished the prayer, we said, "O Messenger of Allah, we saw you extending your hand." He (peace be upon him) said: "The enemy of Allah, Iblis, came with a flame of fire to throw it on my face, so I said: I seek refuge in Allah from you, but he did not retreat. I recited this supplication three times. Then I intended to catch him. And if it were not for the supplication of our brother Sulaiman (peace be upon him), he would have been tied up till morning, and the children of Madinah would have played with him."

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that we performed the morning prayer with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). During the prayer, while he (peace be upon him) was praying, he extended his hand and then withdrew it. When he (peace be upon him) finished the prayer, we said, "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you did something in this prayer that you have never done in any prayer before." He (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, I saw Paradise; it was shown to me. I saw that its fruits and produce were near and hanging low, and its fruit was as large and fresh as a gourd. So I wanted to take some of its fruits, but Paradise was commanded to withdraw, so it withdrew. Then Hell was shown to me between me and you, until I saw my shadow and your shadow. I gestured to you to move back, but it was revealed to me that I should keep them (the Companions) steadfast, for you (O Prophet) are also Muslim and they have also accepted Islam. You migrated and they also migrated. You fought in jihad and they also participated in jihad. So I found no superiority over you except Prophethood."

Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that I have written down this hadith from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) that when something occurs during the prayer, men should say «‏‏‏‏سُبْحَانَ اللَٰه» ‏‏‏‏ and women should clap their hands.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:“Saying «‏‏‏‏سُبْحَانَ اللَٰه» ‏‏‏‏ is for men and clapping is for women.”

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'ayqib (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about straightening pebbles in the mosque (while prostrating), so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you must do it, then straighten them only once."

Imam Sahib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates through the chain of another of his teachers.

Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about straightening pebbles during the prayer, so he (peace be upon him) said: "Do it once. And if you do not straighten them, then it is better for you than a hundred she-camels, all with black eyes (i.e., young and healthy)."