الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
باب الاسِيرِ يَدَّعِى الْإِسْلَامَ قَبْلَ الْأَسَرِ وَلَهُ شاهِدٌ وَفَضْلُ مَنْ يُسْلِمُ مِنَ الْأَسْرَى
Chapter on the Captive Who Claims Islam Before Capture and Has a Witness, and the Virtue of Those Who Accept Islam Among the Captives
Hadith Number: 5112
عن ابي امامة رضي الله عنه قال استضحك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يوما فقيل له يا رسول الله ما يضحكك قال قوم يساقون إلى الجنة مقرنين في السلاسل
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that one day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed. Someone asked him: O Messenger of Allah! What made you laugh? He (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: Some people will be brought towards Paradise in chains.
تخریج الحدیث: «صحيح لغيره، أخرجه الطبراني في الكبير: 8087، وابوداود في القدر، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 22203 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 22556»
حكم: صحيح لغيره
Hadith Number: 5113
عن سهل بن سعد الساعدي رضي الله عنه قال كنت مع النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بالخندق فاخذ الكرزين فحفر به فصادف حجرا فضحك قيل ما يضحك يا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال ضحكت من ناس يؤتى بهم من قبل المشرق في النكول يساقون إلى الجنة
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d Sa’idi (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of digging the trench. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took a pickaxe and began to dig with it. Suddenly, a rock appeared in front. At that moment, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed. Someone asked: O Messenger of Allah! What made you laugh? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: I laughed because of those people who will be brought in chains from the East and will be led towards Paradise.
تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده ضعيف، الفضيل بن سليمان ليس بالقوي، أخرجه الطبراني: 5733، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 22861 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 23249»
حكم: اسناده ضعيف
بَابُ أَنَّ الْأَسِيرَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مِلْكَ لْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنْهُ وَجَوَازِ اسْتِرْقَاقِ الْعَرْبِ
Chapter on the Captive Who Accepts Islam Remains the Property of the Muslims, and the Permissibility of Enslaving Arabs
Hadith Number: 5114
عن عمران بن حصين رضي الله عنه قال كانت ثقيف حلفاء لبني عقيل فاسرت ثقيف رجلين من اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم واسر اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم رجلا من بني عقيل واصيبت معه العضباء فاتى عليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو في الوثاق فقال يا محمد يا محمد فقال ما شانك فقال بم اخذتني بم اخذت سابقة الحاج إعظاما لذلك فقال اخذتك بجريرة حلفائك ثقيف ثم انصرف عنه فقال يا محمد يا محمد وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم رحيما رفيقا فاتاه فقال ما شانك قال إني مسلم قال لو قلتها وانت تملك امرك افلحت كل الفلاح ثم انصرف عنه فناداه يا محمد يا محمد فاتاه فقال ما شانك فقال إني جائع فاطعمني وظمآن فاسقني قال هذه حاجتك قال ففدي بالرجلين
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Banu Thaqif were allies of Banu Uqayl. Banu Thaqif captured two companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) captured a man from Banu Uqayl. Along with him, a she-camel named ‘Adhba was also captured. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to this prisoner, while he was bound in chains, he said: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What is your matter? He said: Why have you captured me, and why have you taken this she-camel, which used to go ahead of the pilgrims’ caravan? He considered this capture to be a great matter. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I have captured you because of the crime of your allies, Banu Thaqif. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him, but he again said: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! Since the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was merciful and gentle, he came to him and asked: What has happened to you? He said: I have become a Muslim. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you had said this at a time when you were the master and free in your affair, you would have been completely successful. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went away. He again called out: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to him and asked: What has happened to you? He said: I am hungry, feed me, and I am thirsty, give me water to drink. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This need of yours will be fulfilled right now. Two men were taken in ransom for this prisoner.
تخریج الحدیث: «أخرجه مسلم: 1641، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 19894 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 20136»
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 1641
Hadith Number: 5115
عن عروة بن الزبير عن عائشة ام المؤمنين رضي الله عنها قالت لما قسم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم سبايا بني المصطلق وقعت جويرية بنت الحارث في السهم لثابت بن قيس بن شماس او لابن عم له وكاتبته على نفسها وكانت امراة حلوة ملاحة لا يراها احد إلا اخذت بنفسه فاتت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تستعينه في كتابتها قالت فوالله ما هو إلا ان رايتها على باب حجرتي فكرهتها وعرفت انه سيرى منها ما رايت فدخلت عليه فقالت يا رسول الله انا جويرية بنت الحارث بن ابي ضرار سيد قومه وقد اصابني من البلاء ما لم يخف عليك فوقعت في السهم لثابت بن قيس بن الشماس او لابن عم له فكاتبته على نفسي فجئتك استعينك على كتابتي قال فهل لك في خير من ذلك قالت وما هو يا رسول الله قال اقضي كتابتك واتزوجك قالت نعم يا رسول الله قال قد فعلت قالت وخرج الخبر إلى الناس ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تزوج جويرية بنت الحارث فقال الناس اصهار رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فارسلوا ما بايديهم قالت فلقد اعتق بتزويجه إياها مائة اهل بيت من بني المصطلق فما اعلم امراة كانت اعظم بركة على قومها منها
Narrated from Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the captives of Banu Mustaliq, Juwayriya bint al-Harith came into the share of Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) or his cousin, and then she made a contract of manumission (mukataba) with him. She was a very beautiful woman; whoever saw her would be attracted to her. So she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to seek help from him regarding her contract of manumission. By Allah! When I (Aisha) saw her at the door of my chamber, I disliked her coming and I knew that what I was seeing, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would also notice. So when she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am Juwayriya bint al-Harith bin Abi Dhirar, my father is the chief of his people and I have fallen into a trial whose matter is not hidden from you. I have come into the share of Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) or his cousin, and I have made a contract of manumission with him. Now I have come to you so that you may help me with my contract. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Tell me, would you like something better than that? She said: Yes, what is that, O Messenger of Allah? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will pay the price of your contract and marry you. She said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, I have done so. Meanwhile, the news reached the people that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had married Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her). The people said: Banu Mustaliq have become the in-laws of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Because of this, they freed the slaves and slave-girls who were in their hands. Due to the marriage of Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her), a hundred families of Banu Mustaliq were set free. I do not know of any woman who proved to be a greater blessing for her people than Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her).
تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده حسن، أخرجه أبوداود: 3931، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 26265 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 26897»
حكم: اسناده حسن
Hadith Number: 5116
عن ابي رافع ان عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه كان مستندا إلى ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما وعنده ابن عمر وسعيد بن زيد رضي الله عنهما فقال اعلموا اني لم اقل في الكلالة شيئا ولم استخلف من بعدي احدا وانه من ادرك وفاتي من سبي العرب فهو حر من مال الله عز وجل
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi’ (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was reclining with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) after being wounded, and with them were also sitting Sayyiduna Ibn Umar and Sayyiduna Sa’id bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with them both). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: All of you should know that I have not given any opinion regarding Kalalah, I have not appointed anyone as Khalifa after me, and the Arab prisoners who are in my possession and die during my lifetime, they are freed for the sake of Allah Almighty.
تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده ضعيف لضعف علي بن زيد بن جدعان، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 129 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 129»
حكم: اسناده ضعيف لضعف علي بن زيد بن جدعان
بَابُ مَا يُفْعَلُ بِالْجَاسُوسِ إِذَا كَانَ مُسْلِمًا و حَرَبِيًّا أَوْ ذِميًّا
Chapter on What Is Done with a Spy If He Is a Muslim, a Harbi, or a Dhimmi
Hadith Number: 5117
عن علي رضي الله عنه يقول بعثني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم انا والزبير والمقداد فقال انطلقوا حتى تاتوا روضة خاخ فإن بها ظعينة معها كتاب فخذوه منها فانطلقنا تعادى بنا خيلنا حتى اتينا الروضة فإذا نحن بالظعينة فقلنا اخرجي الكتاب قالت ما معي من كتاب قلنا لتخرجن الكتاب او لنقلبن الثياب قال فاخرجت الكتاب من عقاصها فاخذنا الكتاب فاتينا به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فإذا فيه من حاطب بن ابي بلتعة إلى ناس من المشركين بمكة يخبرهم ببعض امر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يا حاطب ما هذا قال لا تعجل علي إني كنت امرا ملصقا في قريش ولم اكن من انفسها وكان من كان معك من المهاجرين لهم قرابات يحمون اهليهم بمكة فاحببت إذ فاتني ذلك من النسب فيهم ان اتخذ فيهم يدا يحمون بها قرابتي وما فعلت ذلك كفرا ولا ارتدادا عن ديني ولا رضا بالكفر بعد الإسلام فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم إنه قد صدقكم فقال عمر رضي الله عنه دعني اضرب عنق هذا المنافق فقال إنه قد شهد بدرا وما يدريك لعل الله قد اطلع على اهل بدر فقال اعملوا ما شئتم فقد غفرت لكم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me, Sayyiduna Zubair, and Sayyiduna Miqdad, and said: Go, until you reach the garden of Khakh, there will be a traveling woman with a letter, take that letter from her. So we set out, our horses galloping, until we reached that garden, and indeed there was a woman present. We said to her: Hand over the letter. She said: I have no letter. We said: Hand over the letter, otherwise we will strip your clothes off. Hearing this, she took the letter out from her hair braid. We took it and reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). In that letter, the following was written: This letter is from Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah to the polytheists of Makkah, ... He was informing them of some matters of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Hatib! What is this? He said: Do not be hasty with me (I will explain in detail). The matter is that I was connected to the Quraysh due to a pact, and I was not one of them. The emigrants who are with you have relatives among the Quraysh, because of which they protect their relatives in Makkah. When I saw that I had no lineage connection with the Quraysh, I thought that if I did them a favor, they would also protect my relatives (that is why I did this), nor did I do this act out of disbelief, nor by turning away from my religion, nor by preferring disbelief after Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, the truth is that this man has spoken the truth to you. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Allow me, I will strike the neck of this hypocrite. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He was present at Badr, and you do not know that Allah Almighty looked upon the people of Badr and said: Do whatever you wish from today onwards, I have forgiven you.
تخریج الحدیث: «أخرجه البخاري: 3007، 4274، 4890، ومسلم: 2494، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 600 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 600»
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 3007
Hadith Number: 5118
حدثنا إياس بن سلمة بن الاكوع عن ابيه رضي الله عنه قال نزل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم منزلا فجاء عين للمشركين ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم واصحابه يتصبحون فدعوه إلى طعامهم فلما فرغ الرجل ركب على راحلته وذهب مسرعا لينذر اصحابه قال سلمة فادركته فانخت راحلته وضربت عنقه فغنمني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم سلبه
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) camped at a certain place. Meanwhile, a spy from the polytheists arrived while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions were eating their midday meal. The companions invited him towards the food. When he finished eating, he mounted his ride and quickly started to return, as he wanted to alert his companions. Sayyiduna Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I ran after him, caught up with him, made his camel sit down, and struck his neck, killing him. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me his belongings as spoils of war.
تخریج الحدیث: «أخرجه البخاري: 3051، ومسلم: 1754، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 16519 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 16634»
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 3051
Hadith Number: 5119
عن حارثة بن مضرب عن فرات بن حيان ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم امر بقتله وكان عينا لابي سفيان وحليفا فمر بحلقة من الانصار فقال إني مسلم قالوا يا رسول الله إنه يزعم انه مسلم فقال إن منكم رجالا نكلهم إلى إيمانهم منهم فرات بن حيان
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Furat bin Hayan (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to be killed; he was a spy and ally of Abu Sufyan. Later, when he passed by a gathering of the Ansar, he said: "Indeed, I am a Muslim." When the Ansar informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he claims to be a Muslim, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, among you are some individuals whom we entrust to their faith; among them is Furat bin Hayan."
تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده صحيح، أخرجه أبوداود: 2652، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 18965 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 19173»
حكم: اسناده صحيح
بَابُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الْكَافِرِ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا مُسْلِمًا فهُوَ حُرِّ
Chapter on the Slave of a Disbeliever Who Comes to Us as a Muslim Is Free
Hadith Number: 5120
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم كان يعتق من جاءه من العبيد قبل مواليهم إذا اسلموا وقد اعتق يوم الطائف رجلين
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that those slaves who became Muslim before their masters and reached the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would set them free. On the day of Ta’if, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) freed two such men.
تخریج الحدیث: «حسن لغيره، أخرجه ابن ابي شيبة: 12/ 511، وابويعلي: 2564،والطبراني: 12079، والدارمي: 2508، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 2111 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 2111»
حكم: حسن لغيره
Hadith Number: 5121
عنه من طريق ثان قال حاصر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اهل الطائف فخرج إليه عبدان فاعتقهما احدهما ابو بكرة وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يعتق العبيد إذا خرجوا إليه
(Second chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, laid siege to the people of Ta’if. Two of their slaves came to him, and he, peace and blessings be upon him, set them free. One of them was Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah, may Allah be pleased with him. Whenever a slave would come to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, having embraced Islam, he, peace and blessings be upon him, would set them free.
تخریج الحدیث: «انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 2176»
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 2176