It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: In three matters, my Lord agreed with my opinion, or my Lord made my opinion conform to His decision in three matters. I said: O Messenger of Allah! If you were to take the Maqam Ibrahim as a place of prayer? So Allah Almighty revealed this verse: {وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاہِیمَ مُصَلًّی} … Take the Maqam Ibrahim as a place of prayer. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Both righteous and wicked people come to your service, so if you were to have the Mothers of the Believers observe veiling, it would be better. After that, the verses regarding veiling were revealed. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I received some news regarding the Mothers of the Believers, so I went to each one and said: Stop making such demands from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), otherwise Allah Almighty will replace you with better Muslim women. When I made this request to one of the Mothers of the Believers, she said: Umar! Are the admonitions of the Messenger of Allah to his wives not sufficient that you have also started to admonish them in this matter? Then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: {عَسٰی رَبُّہٓ اِنْ طَلَّقَکُنَّ اَنْ یُّبْدِلَہٓ اَزْوَاجًا خَیْرًا مِّنْکُنَّ مُسْلِمٰتٍ مُّؤْمِنٰتٍ قٰنِتٰتٍ تٰئِبٰتٍ عٰبِدٰتٍ سٰئِحٰتٍ ثَیِّبٰتٍ وَّاَبْکَارًا} … It may be, if he divorces you, that his Lord will give him in your place wives better than you—submissive, believing, devout, penitent, worshipping, fasting—previously married and virgins.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) surpassed people in four matters: He advised that the captives of Badr be killed, so Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: (لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِّنَ اللّٰهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِیْمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِیْمٌ) ..... If it had not been for a decree from Allah that had already preceded, a severe punishment would have touched you for what you took (as ransom) from the captives. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding the pure wives that they should observe veiling. Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her) said to him: O son of Khattab! You have become dominant over us, even though revelation descends in our houses. But Allah the Exalted revealed, in agreement with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), this verse regarding veiling: (وَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَاعًا فَاسْأَلُوهُنَّ مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ) ..... And O you who believe! When you ask them (the Mothers of the Believers) for anything, ask them from behind a curtain. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was also given superiority over others in that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made this supplication for him: O Allah! Grant Islam dominance through Umar. Also, it was Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) who gave the opinion that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) should be made the Caliph, and he was the first to pledge allegiance to him.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sought permission to visit the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). At that time, some Qurayshi women were sitting in the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), conversing and demanding an increase in maintenance, and their voices were quite loud. When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sought permission, they quickly began to hide themselves. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him permission to enter. When he came in, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was smiling. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May Allah always keep you smiling. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am amazed at these women; they were sitting with me, but when they heard your voice, they quickly hid themselves. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! You are more deserving that they should fear you. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O enemies of your own souls! You fear me but do not fear the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? They said: Yes, you are harsher and sterner in temperament than the Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Him in Whose hand is my soul! O Umar! Whenever Satan meets you, he takes a path other than the one you are walking on.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Aswad bin Sari’ (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I came to the service of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I have praised my Lord and also praised you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Remember! Your Lord loves praise. Recite to me the praise you have composed for your Lord. I began to recite to you (peace and blessings be upon him), when suddenly a tall, black-skinned, bald man who worked with both his right and left hands came. Upon his arrival, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) signaled me to be silent. Abu Salamah described to us the manner in which he was silenced, saying it was like calling a cat. So that man came, spoke for a while, and then left. After he left, I began to present my words again, but that man came back, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) again signaled me to be silent. Abu Salamah repeated the description of the silencing. This happened two or three times. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Who is this man, at whose arrival you silence me? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the man who does not like idle talk; this is Umar bin Khattab.

It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: I used to enter that house in which Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and my father were buried, I would even remove my covering there and would say that one is my husband and the other is my father. But by Allah! When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was buried there, I would enter wrapped in my clothes out of modesty before him.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Buraidah Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) that once the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from a battle, and a black slave girl came to him and said: I had vowed that if Allah brought you back safely, I would play the drum (duff) before you. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you have made this vow, then fulfill it, and if you have not made this vow, then leave this act. So she began to play the duff. In the meantime, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came, and she kept playing the duff. Some other companions also came, and she continued to play the duff. But later, when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came, she put the duff behind her and started to hide herself. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Umar! Indeed, even Satan is afraid of you. I am sitting here, and these people also came, and this slave girl remained busy playing the duff, but when you came, she did this.

It is narrated from Harith bin Muawiyah Kindi, he says: I rode to go to Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask about three matters. When I reached Madinah Munawwarah, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: Why have you come? I informed him that I wanted to ask you about three matters. He said: What are those matters? I said: Sometimes it happens that my wife and I are in a small room, and the time for prayer comes. But if I pray, she comes in front of me, and if she prays behind me, she has to go outside the room. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Hang a cloth between you and her, then she can pray in front of you if she wishes. Then I asked him about performing two rak‘ahs after ‘Asr. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade me from those two rak‘ahs. Then I said: The third matter is that I want to ask you about giving admonition and sermons; people want me to give them admonition and sermons. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Do whatever you wish. It seemed as if Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) disliked stopping him from this work. That man said: I want to know your opinion. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I fear that you will give admonition and sermons before them and you will inwardly begin to consider yourself superior and better than others. Then you will give admonition and sermons and you will begin to consider yourself in comparison to them as if you are as high and superior as the Thurayya star, but the more you consider yourself superior to them, Allah Almighty will place you beneath their feet on the Day of Resurrection.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed the people and said: Indeed, Allah Almighty granted His Prophet whatever concessions He willed, and the Noble Prophet has departed from this world. Therefore, you should perform Hajj and Umrah for Allah Almighty in the manner He has commanded you, and also keep the private parts of your wives chaste.

Bajalah says: I was the scribe of Juz’ bin Mu’awiyah, who was the uncle of Ahnaf bin Qais. We received a letter from Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and this was one year before his death. In it, it was written:“Kill every male and female sorcerer, separate between every prohibited relationship among the Magians, and prevent them from the Zamzamah.”After this command, we killed three sorcerers and separated the unlawful relationships according to the Book of Allah. Juz’ had a lot of food prepared and invited the Magians, and he placed his sword on his thigh. They ate the food without performing the Zamzamah, and they gave as jizyah an amount of silver equal to the load of a mule or two mules. However, Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not take this jizyah from them. Sometimes Sufyan, the narrator, would relate it thus: Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was not in favor of taking jizyah from the Magians, until Sayyiduna ‘Abdur Rahman bin ‘Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) testified that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had taken jizyah from the Magians of the region of Hajar. Then Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) began to accept jizyah from the Magians.

It is narrated from Malik bin Aws bin Hadthan, he says: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) summoned me. While I was still there, his servant Yarfa came and informed that Sayyiduna Uthman, Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman, Sayyiduna Sa’d, and Sayyiduna Zubair bin Awwam had arrived. I do not remember whether he mentioned the name of Sayyiduna Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) or not. These gentlemen were seeking permission to enter. He said: Yes, let them come in. After a while, the servant came and said: Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) have come; they are seeking permission to come to you. He said: Yes, let them come in as well. When Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived, he said: O Commander of the Faithful! Decide between him and me. At that time, they were disputing about the property of Fay’ from the wealth of Banu Nadir, which belonged to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Upon hearing this, all the people said: O Commander of the Faithful! Decide between them and bring relief to both of them from each other. Their dispute has become quite prolonged. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I ask you by Allah, by whose command the heavens and the earth are established! Do you know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said that we have no heirs; whatever we leave behind is charity? All said: Yes, indeed, you (peace and blessings be upon him) said this. When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the same thing from both of them, they also replied in the affirmative. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will tell you about this property of Fay’. Allah Almighty has specified the property of Fay’ for His Prophet, and He did not give it to anyone other than you (peace and blessings be upon him). The command of Allah Almighty is: {وَمَا أَفَائَ اللّٰہُ عَلٰی رَسُولِہِ مِنْہُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَیْہِ مِنْ خَیْلٍ وَلَا رِکَابٍ} … And whatever Allah has bestowed upon His Messenger from them, you did not spur horses or camels for it. These properties were specific to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). By Allah! It did not happen that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) kept all the wealth for himself and did not give it to you, nor did he prefer others over you regarding this wealth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would distribute all these properties among you, then whatever remained, he would spend on his family throughout the year, and whatever was left after that, he would spend it as Allah’s property. When the Messenger of Allah passed away, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: After the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I am his successor; I will dispose of this property in the same manner as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to do.