Benefits & Rulings:

➊ Some verses of the Holy Qur'an consist of rulings (aḥkām) that are clear, or are explained through authentic ḥadīths, and there is no difficulty in acting upon them. All such verses are considered "muḥkam" (clear and decisive).

Some verses pertain to matters of belief, such as the oneness of Allah (tawḥīd), prophethood (risālah), and the Hereafter (qiyāmah). The Qur'an and ḥadīths contain detailed descriptions and strong evidence for these beliefs; these too fall under the category of muḥkamāt.

On the other hand, there are verses whose definite meaning cannot be clearly established, such as the disjointed letters (ḥurūf al-muqattaʿāt). Belief in such verses is required only to the extent that they are part of the Qur'an and are the words of Allah. Their recitation carries reward, just like other verses. There is no need to delve further into their meanings.

Similarly, matters related to the unseen (ʿālam al-ghayb) also require such belief: these things certainly exist, or these events will surely occur, and the details mentioned in the Qur'an and ḥadīth are sufficient. There is no need for deeper speculation or investigation. For example, angels are obedient creatures of Allah who operate within their designated domains, or the deeds of people will be weighed on the Day of Judgment.

One must believe in this reality. There is no need to question how non-physical deeds will be weighed since weight is usually attributed to physical things. Undoubtedly, by His absolute power, Allah will weigh them as He wills using whatever scales He desires.

Likewise, the punishment of the grave also pertains to the unseen. Thus, it is unreasonable to object that we do not see the signs of torment in the graves of disbelievers and sinners or the blessings in the graves of righteous people. The more one debates such issues, the higher the risk of deviation. Therefore, a general belief in these matters is sufficient.

➋ Avoiding unnecessary debate about ambiguous verses (mutashābihāt) is the consistent practice of the righteous scholars (ʿulamāʾ al-ḥaqq).

➌ Discussing such speculative matters opens the door to mischief (fitnah). Therefore, those who initiate these types of debates should be discouraged so they do not become a threat to the faith of the general public.