Hazrat Qais says that I participated in the Battle of Qadisiyyah on the side of the Muslims. Hazrat Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas was the commander of the Muslims in this battle. When Rustam came with his army, Hazrat Amr bin Ma’di Karib Zubaidi passed through the ranks of the Muslims and said to them,“O group of Muhajireen! Become brave lions, the real lion is the one who does not care for his life. It is the temperament of the Persians that when they throw down their spear, they are like goats. Around their territory are great walls which arrows cannot cross.”We said to him,“O Abu Thawr! Beware of them.”Then we shot arrows; one arrow struck the horse of the king of the Persians. Then Hazrat Amr attacked him, killed him, and obtained his belongings, which included two gold bracelets, a sheet, and a silk robe. (2) A man from Thaqif fled and went to inform the polytheists, and while pointing towards Bajilah, he said,“People are coming from that side.”Then they sent sixteen elephants towards us, on which warriors were mounted, and sent two elephants towards all the people. On that day, Hazrat Sa’d was saying,“Move back from Bajilah.”Hazrat Qais says that in the Battle of Qadisiyyah, we were one fourth of the people. And Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave us one fourth of the war equipment, and we used it for three years. (3) After that, Hazrat Jarir came with a delegation in the company of Hazrat Ammar bin Yasir to Hazrat Umar. Hazrat Umar said to them,“You both did not tell me about those two houses of yours. Even so, I ask you, and I can judge from your faces which of the two houses is better?”Hazrat Jarir said,“O Commander of the Faithful! I will inform you. One house is the one that yields fewer dates from the land of Arabia, and the other house is the land of Persia, its heat, its intensity, and its vast valley, that is, Mada’in.”He says that Hazrat Ammar contradicted me and said,“You have lied.”Hazrat Umar said,“You are lying.”Then he said,“Shall I tell you about your leader, is he sufficient for you?”The people said,“He is neither sufficient nor does he know the principles of governance.”Then Hazrat Umar removed him and sent Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah as the leader.

Hazrat Qais narrates that during the Battle of Qadisiyyah, Hazrat Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas developed a boil on his foot and was unable to go for combat. There was restlessness among the people. The wife of Hazrat Sa’d, who had previously been married to Mathna bin Harithah Shaybani, said,“There is no one like Mathna for the horsemen!”Upon this, Hazrat Sa’d slapped her. She said,“Out of cowardice and honor!”The narrator says that then we defeated the enemies.

Hazrat Qais narrates that Hazrat Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas had a wife named Salma bint Khusafah, who had previously been married to a man from Banu Shayban, named Mathna bin Harithah. Once, she mentioned Mathna in front of Hazrat Sa’d, so Hazrat Sa’d slapped her. She said,“Do you hit me out of cowardice or out of honor?”

Hazrat Muhammad bin Sa’d narrates that during the Battle of Qadisiyyah, one day the poet Abu Mihjan was brought to Hazrat Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas on the charge of drinking wine. Hazrat Sa’d ordered him to be shackled. At that time, Hazrat Sa’d was injured and could not go to the people. Therefore, he chose the area of the spring named ‘Udhayb for the supervision of his warriors and began to inspect. He had appointed Khalid bin ‘Arfatah as the leader of the cavalry. When the battle began, Abu Mihjan recited a verse of poetry, the translation of which is:“How regrettable it is that you are killing the horsemen while I am shackled in chains.”(2) Then he said to Hazrat Sa’d’s wife, Bint Khusafah,“Set me free; I swear that if I remain alive, I will return and shackle myself again, and if I am killed, I will request prayers for mercy.”Then Bint Khusafah released him, and by then the battlefield had become heated. (3) He leapt and mounted Hazrat Sa’d’s horse named Balqa’, took a spear, and attacked the enemy. Wherever he went, he defeated the enemy. So much so that people began to say,“This is the king!”And Hazrat Sa’d was saying,“The leap is that of my horse Balqa’, and the spear-thrust is that of Abu Mihjan, while Abu Mihjan is in prison!”(4) When the enemy was defeated, Abu Mihjan returned and shackled himself again. Bint Khusafah told Hazrat Sa’d the whole incident, so he said,“By God, I cannot enforce the punishment on a man because of whom Allah granted victory to the Muslims.”Then Hazrat Sa’d set Abu Mihjan free. Upon this, Abu Mihjan said,“When the punishment was enforced upon me, I used to drink wine and would be purified by the punishment, but now that you have pardoned me from the punishment, by God, I will never drink wine again.”

Hazrat Abu Wa’il narrates that Hazrat Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas reached Qadisiyyah with his army. In my opinion, we were not more than seven or eight thousand, while the polytheist enemy was more than sixty thousand. They also had elephants. When they entered the field, they said to us,“Go back; you have neither numbers, nor strength, nor weapons. Go back.”We said,“We will not go back.”They would even laugh at our arrows and liken them to spinning wheels. When we refused to accept their words and refused to go back, they said,“Send a sensible man to us who can clarify for us the purpose of your coming, because we see neither numbers nor strength among you!”(2) At this, Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah said,“I will go to them.”Hazrat Mughirah went to them and sat with Rustam on his throne. This was very displeasing to Rustam and his companions. Hazrat Mughirah said,“By sitting here, neither has my honor increased nor has your king’s dignity decreased.”Rustam said,“Tell me, why have you come here from your city? For I see neither numbers nor strength among you?”At this, Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) said,“We were a people who were afflicted with wretchedness and misguidance. Allah Almighty sent a Prophet among us, through whom Allah granted us guidance. Through him, Allah also provided us sustenance. Among the provisions we received because of him was a grain about which people think it grows in this land. When we ate it and fed it to our families, people said, ‘There is no good for us until we go to that land and eat that grain there.’”(3) Rustam said,“Then we will kill you.”Hazrat Mughirah said,“If you kill us, we will enter Paradise, and if we kill you, you will go to Hell. If there is no fighting, you will have to pay jizyah.”When Hazrat Mughirah said,“You will have to pay jizyah,”they began to shout and expressed intense anger, saying,“There will be no peace between you and us.”Then Hazrat Mughirah said,“Will you advance towards us, or shall we advance towards you?”Rustam said,“We will come to you.”So the Muslims retreated, and whoever among them was to advance, advanced, and the Muslims attacked them, killed them, and defeated them. The narrator, Hazrat Husain, says that their king Rustam was from Azerbaijan. (4) Hazrat Husain says,“I heard my elder, Ubaid bin Jahsh, say that we were walking on the backs of men and crossing trenches on the backs of men. No weapon had touched them; they had killed each other. We found some camphor in a bottle, and we thought it was salt. So we cooked meat and sprinkled it on top, but we felt no taste. A Christian monk dressed in a shirt passed by us and said, ‘O people of Arabia! Do not spoil your food. There is no good in the salt of this land. Shall I give you this shirt in exchange for it?’ So we gave him the bottle in exchange for a shirt, and he gave the shirt to one of his companions, and he wore it. We began to show it around and rejoice. Later, we found out that the price of that shirt was two dirhams.”(5) The elder named Ubaid bin Jahsh says,“I saw a man who was wearing two bracelets; his weapon was in a grave. I told him to come out; he came out, neither did he speak to us nor did we speak to him, and we killed him. Then we defeated them, and they went to the Euphrates. We pursued them, and defeated, they went to Surra. Then we pursued them, defeated them, and they went to Suraat. Then we pursued them, defeated them, and they went to Mada’in. Then we stopped at a place called Kutha, where there were armed warriors of the polytheists. The Muslim cavalry fought them, and they were defeated and went to Mada’in.”(6) Then the Muslims moved on and camped on the bank of the Tigris River. Then a group of Muslims crossed over to Mada’in from Kuluadhi or its lower side and besieged the disbelievers, until nothing was left for them to eat except their dogs and cats. Then, after a night, they came to Jalula, and Hazrat Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with the people, and Hazrat Hashim bin Utbah was at the front. After that...

36004 - Husayn said: Their king was Rustam, from the people of Azerbaijan (1).

36005 - Husayn said: And I heard an old man from among us called Ubayd ibn Jahsh say: I have seen us walking on the backs of men, crossing the trench on the backs of men, no (weapon) (1) touched them, some of them had killed others. He said: And we found a bag containing camphor, and we thought it was salt, we had no doubt it was salt. So we cooked meat and put some of it in, (but we did not) (2) find any taste for it. Then ‘Ubadi passed by us with a shirt, and he said: O group of Arabs, do not spoil your food, for the salt of this land is of no good. Would you like me to give you this shirt for it? He said: (So he gave us) (3) a shirt for it, and we gave it to one of our companions and he wore it. He said: So we ⦗23⦘ circled around him and marveled (4). He said: And the (price) (5) of the shirt when we (recognized) (6) the clothes was two dirhams. He said: And I have seen myself pointing to a man who had two bracelets of gold on him, and his weapon was buried in a grave among those graves, and I pointed to him and he came out to us. He said: We did not (speak to him nor) (7) did he speak to us until we struck his neck. So we defeated them until they reached the Euphrates. He said: So we mounted and pursued them, and they fled until they reached [(سوراء) (٨)، قال: فطلبناهم فانهزموا حتى أتوا السراة، قال: فطلبناهم حتى انتهوا إلى] (9) al-Mada’in. He said: So we camped at (Kutha) (10). He said: And there was a garrison (of the polytheists) (11) (at Dayri min) (12) (the outposts) (13), so the cavalry of the Muslims came to them and fought them, and the garrison of the polytheists fled until they reached al-Mada’in. And the Muslims marched until they camped on the bank of the Tigris, and a group of the Muslims crossed from (Kulwaḏi) (14) from below al-Mada’in and besieged them until they could not (find) (15) any food except ⦗24⦘ their dogs (and their cats) (16). He said: So they departed in the night until they reached Jalula. He said: So Sa’d marched to them with the people, and at the head of his vanguard was Hashim ibn ‘Utbah. He said: And it was the battle that took place. He said: So Allah destroyed them and (they fled) (17) to Nahawand.

36006 - He said: Abu Wa'il said: When the polytheists were defeated at Jalula, they went to Nahavand. He said: So Umar ibn al-Khattab appointed Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman over the people of Kufa, and Mujashi' ibn Mas'ud al-Sulami over the people of Basra. He said: (Then) (1) Amr ibn Ma'di Karib came to him and said: Give me (a horse like mine) (2), and weapons like mine. He said: Yes, I will give you from my wealth. Amr ibn Ma'di Karib said to him: By Allah, we have satirized you (and you did not silence us) (3), and we fought you and you did not defeat us, and we asked you and you did not (withhold from us) (4) (5).

36007 - Husayn said: And al-Nu'man ibn Muqarrin was over Kaskar. He wrote to Umar: O Commander of the Faithful, my situation with Kaskar is like that of a young man with a prostitute who flatters and perfumes herself for him. I implore you by Allah to remove me from Kaskar and send me with an army of the Muslims. So he wrote to him: March to the people at Nahawand, for you are over them. ⦗25⦘ So he marched to them and they met, and he was the first to be killed. Suwayd ibn Muqarrin took the banner, and Allah granted them victory and destroyed the polytheists, and never again did they gather as a group after that day. The people of every (city) (2) would march to their enemy (and) (3) their lands. Husayn said: When the polytheists were defeated from al-Mada'in, they fled to Yahulā', then returned, and he sent Ammar ibn Yasir, who marched until he camped at al-Mada'in. He wanted to settle there with the people, but they found it disagreeable and disliked it. News reached Umar that the people disliked it, so he asked: Is it suitable for camels? They said: No, because of the mosquitoes. Umar said: The Arabs cannot thrive in a land where camels do not thrive. (So they returned) (4). Sa'd met (Abadiya) (5), who said: I will show you a land that is raised above the marshes, lowered from the salt flats, in the middle of the countryside, and at the tip of the soil. It is a land between al-Hira and the Euphrates (6).

Hazrat Sha'bi narrates that on the occasion of the Battle of Qadisiyyah, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote a letter to Hazrat Sa'd in which he wrote that I am sending to you people from Hijaz and also from Yemen; among them, whoever is capable of fighting, give him a share from the spoils of war.