Ubaid bin Jubair says: I boarded a boat with Sayyiduna Abu Basrah Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) from Fustat to Alexandria. When we departed from our port, he asked for the dining mat to be brought, so it was placed near him. Then he invited me to eat; this incident took place in Ramadan. I said: Abu Basrah! By Allah, our houses have not yet disappeared from our sight? Upon hearing this, he said: Do you turn away from the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? I said: No, I do not. He said: Then eat. After that, we did not fast until we reached our destination.

(Second chain) He says: I boarded a boat with Abu Basrah; he was going to Alexandria, … .

Mansur Kalbi says: Sayyiduna Dihyah bin Khalifah (may Allah be pleased with him) set out from his village during the month of Ramadan to go to the outskirts of the Aqabah village. He also abandoned fasting, and some of the people with him did the same, while some did not like to abandon the fast. When he returned to his village, he said: By Allah! Today I have seen something that I never expected to see: people have turned away from the practice of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions. In fact, he said this about those people who had kept the fast. Then he began to pray: O Allah! Take me up to Yourself.

A man from Banu Abdullah bin Ka'b narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who was not an Ansari, that the horsemen of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) attacked our tribe. In another narration: My neighbor's camel was looted, so I went to the service of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this matter. At that time, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was eating food. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: Come near and eat food. I said: I am fasting. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sit down, I will tell you about fasting. Allah Almighty has given the traveler a concession in half the prayer, and the traveler, pregnant woman, and nursing woman a concession in fasting. By Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned both the pregnant and the nursing woman, or one of them. Alas! Why did I not eat food with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?

There is a lengthy hadith of Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), which has already been mentioned in Part No. 9, Hadith No. (31), and Page No. (239) in the chapter "The Conditions That Occurred Regarding Fasting." In it, it is stated: Then Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: {شَہْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِی … شَہِدَ مِنْکُمُ الشَّہْرَ فَلْیَصُمْہُ} (Surah Al-Baqarah: 185), meaning: "The month of Ramadan is that in which the Qur'an was revealed as guidance for the people and as clear proofs of guidance and criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you witnesses the month, let him fast it." Thus, Allah made fasting obligatory upon the healthy and resident person, and granted concession to the sick and the traveler, and for the elderly person who does not have the strength to fast, it was legislated to feed (a needy person).

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever reaches the month of Ramadan while he still has fasts of the previous Ramadan pending to make up, then the fasts of this Ramadan will not be accepted from him. Similarly, whoever observes voluntary fasts while he still has obligatory fasts of Ramadan pending to make up, then these voluntary fasts will not be accepted until he makes up the obligatory ones.

It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: My practice was that I used to make up the missed fasts of Ramadan in Sha'ban, until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away.

Narrated by Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever dies while he still has fasts due upon him, then his relative should fast on his behalf.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a woman came to the service of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! My mother has passed away, while she still owed a month of fasting. Can I make up the fasts on her behalf? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What do you think—if your mother had a debt, would you have paid it off? She replied: Yes, of course. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then Allah’s debt is more deserving to be fulfilled.

Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): A man came to the service of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! My mother has passed away, and she had a month of fasting due upon her. Can I make up for it on her behalf? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If your mother had a debt, would you have paid it off? He said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the debt of Allah is more deserving to be fulfilled.