Lady Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The crescent of Dhul-Hijjah was about to be sighted when we set out with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) for Hajj. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Whoever among you wishes to recite the Talbiyah for Umrah may do so. If I had not brought the sacrificial animal with me, I would have also recited the Talbiyah for Umrah. So, some of the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited the Talbiyah for Hajj and some recited the Talbiyah for Umrah. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I was among those who recited the Talbiyah for Umrah. On the day of Arafah, I began menstruating and could not exit the state of Ihram for my Umrah. I complained about this to the Prophet (peace be upon him), so the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Leave your Umrah, untie your hair and comb it, and begin reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I did exactly that, until the night of Hasbah came, then the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) with me. He seated Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) behind him and took her to Tan’eem. There, Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) entered into Ihram for Umrah in place of her previous Umrah. She performed Tawaf of the House of Allah, performed Sa’i between Safa and Marwah, and thus Allah Almighty completed both her Hajj and Umrah, and in this matter (there was no need to offer expiation by fasting, sacrificing, or giving charity).

Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates from his father (Imam Muhammad al-Baqir, may Allah have mercy on him) the statement of Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him: The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, resided in Madinah Munawwarah for nine years, and during this period, he did not perform Hajj. Then he announced his departure among the people. When he reached Dhul-Hulaifah, he performed prayer there. At that place, Sayyidah Asma bint Umays gave birth to Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Abu Bakr. She sent a message to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, so the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Take a bath, tie a cloth, and enter into Ihram." The narrator states: She did so. When the Prophet Muhammad's, peace and blessings be upon him, mount stood in the open field, he began reciting the Talbiyah. We also began reciting the Talbiyah with him. In our minds, there was only the thought of Hajj. We set out with the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and he was among us. The Qur'an was being revealed to him. He knew its interpretation and did exactly as he was commanded. Sayyiduna Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, states: I saw before me, behind me, to my right, and to my left, as far as the eye could see, crowds of people, some on foot and some mounted. The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, began reciting this Talbiyah: "Here I am, O Allah! Here I am. Here I am, You have no partner. Surely, all praise and blessings are for You, and the kingdom as well. You have no partner." When we reached Makkah, the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, first performed Istilam of the Black Stone. Then he performed Tawaf, running in three circuits and walking in four. When he finished Tawaf, he came to Maqam Ibrahim and said: "Allah Almighty has said: 'Take the Maqam Ibrahim as a place of prayer.'" The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, performed two rak'ahs of prayer at Maqam Ibrahim, then went to the Black Stone and performed Istilam. Then he proceeded to Safa. Then he said: "We will begin with that which Allah mentioned first (the command of Allah Almighty is): 'Indeed, Safa and Marwah are among the symbols of Allah.'" The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, ascended Safa. When the Ka'bah came into view, he said Takbir three times and recited these words: "There is no deity except Allah alone, He has no partner, the kingdom belongs to Him, all praise is for Him, He gives life and causes death, all goodness is in His hand, and He has power over all things." He recited these words three times, then made supplication. Then he descended from Safa and walked at a normal pace until his feet reached the lower part of the valley, then he began to run, and when his feet started to ascend from the lower part, he walked at a normal pace until he reached Marwah. He ascended Marwah, and when the Ka'bah came into view, he recited the same words he had recited at Safa. He completed seven circuits in this manner and said: "Whoever does not have a sacrificial animal with him should exit Ihram, and whoever has a sacrificial animal should remain in Ihram. If I had not brought a sacrificial animal with me, I would have exited Ihram as well. If what I realized later had occurred to me earlier, I would have recited the Talbiyah for 'Umrah." Sayyiduna Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, states: Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, had come from Yemen. The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, asked him: "O Ali! For what did you recite the Talbiyah?" He replied: "I said: O Allah! I recite the Talbiyah for what Your Messenger has recited the Talbiyah." The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "With me is a sacrificial animal, so do not exit Ihram." Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, states: I went to Sayyidah Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, and she had applied kohl and was wearing colored clothes. I asked: "Who has ordered you to do this?" She replied: "My father has ordered me to do this." Sayyiduna Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, states: Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said this in Iraq: Then I went to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, to complain about Fatimah and to investigate what she had said. The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "She has spoken the truth; I myself instructed her to do so." Sayyiduna Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, states: The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, sacrificed one hundred camels, of which he slaughtered sixty-three with his own blessed hand, and the remainder were slaughtered by Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. Then some meat from each animal was taken, all mixed together and cooked, and both of them ate from it and drank its broth. Sayyiduna Suraqah bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, asked: "Is this command specific to this year or forever?" The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "No, rather it is forever. 'Umrah has been included in Hajj." He interlaced his fingers as he said this. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says): The reason the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, sacrificed sixty-three camels with his own hand is that at that time his blessed age was also sixty-three years, so for each year of his noble life, he sacrificed one camel with his own blessed hand, and for the remaining animals, he instructed Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, to sacrifice them, so he did so.

Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates this statement from his father (Imam Muhammad al-Baqir, may Allah have mercy on him): We went to the service of Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both. He inquired about the introduction of all the people, until when my turn came, I said: I am Muhammad bin Ali bin Husayn bin Ali bin Abu Talib. He extended his hand towards my head and opened my upper button, then opened the button below it. Then he placed his palm on my chest. I was a young man in those days. He said: O my nephew, welcome to you. Ask whatever you wish. So I asked him questions. At that time, he had become blind. When the time for prayer came, he moved towards his cloak. He wrapped it around himself as a blanket. Whenever he tried to put it on his shoulder, one end would fall back, because the cloak was short, even though his large cloak was hanging on a peg beside him. He led us in prayer. Then I said to him: Tell us about the Hajj of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. So he made the number nine with his hand and said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, stayed for nine years. He did not perform Hajj during that time. Then in the tenth year, he announced among the people that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was going for Hajj. So many people came to Madinah Munawwarah. All of them wished to follow the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and to act as he did. We set out with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, until when we reached Dhu'l-Hulayfah, there Sayyidah Asma bint Umays, may Allah be pleased with her, gave birth to Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. She sent a message to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: What should I do? The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Take a bath and tie a cloth. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed in the mosque of Dhu'l-Hulayfah, then mounted his she-camel Qaswa, until when his she-camel stood upright in the open field and I looked as far as the eye could see, I saw people walking and riding in front of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. The same was on his right, the same on his left, and the same behind him. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was among us. The Qur'an was being revealed to him. He knew its interpretation. Whatever action he performed, we also performed the same action. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, recited the Talbiyah acknowledging the Oneness of Allah, saying: "O Allah! I am present, I am present, You have no partner, I am present. Surely, all praise and blessings are for You, and sovereignty as well, You have no partner." The people also kept reciting the same Talbiyah. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not say anything to them about it. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, continued with the same Talbiyah.

Sayyiduna Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates: Our intention was only to perform Hajj. We did not have Umrah in mind, until when we came to the House of Allah with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, touched the Black Stone and performed Tawaf, running in three circuits and walking in four circuits. Then he moved towards Maqam Ibrahim and recited this verse: "Take the standing place of Ibrahim as a place of prayer." So the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, placed Maqam Ibrahim between himself and the House of Allah. (Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates:) My father used to say, I think he also mentioned this from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that in those two rak'ahs, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, recited Surah Ikhlas and Surah al-Kafirun. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, returned to the Black Stone, touched it, and then exited through that door towards Safa. When he approached Safa, he recited this verse: "Indeed, Safa and Marwah are among the symbols of Allah." (Then he said:) I begin with what Allah mentioned first. So the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, began with Safa. He ascended it. When he saw the House of Allah, he faced the Qiblah, acknowledged the Oneness and Greatness of Allah, and recited: "There is no god but Allah, He is One, He has no partner, sovereignty belongs to Him, praise belongs to Him, and He has power over all things. There is no god but Allah, He is One, He fulfilled His promise, helped His servant, and defeated the confederates alone." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, recited these words three times and made supplication between them. Then he descended from there and went towards Marwah, until when his feet reached the low part of the valley, he began to run, and when he ascended, he walked at a normal pace, until he reached Marwah. He did on Marwah as he had done on Safa, until when he completed the last circuit on Marwah, he said: If I had known later what I came to know, I would not have brought the sacrificial animal and would have made it Umrah. So whoever among you does not have a sacrificial animal with him, let him exit Ihram and make it Umrah. Sayyiduna Suraqah bin Ju'sham stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him! Is this command for this year only or forever? The narrator says: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, interlaced his fingers and said: Umrah has entered into Hajj. He said this twice (then said) rather forever, forever, rather forever, forever.

Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, came from Yemen with the sacrificial animals of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. He found Sayyidah Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, in a state that she had exited Ihram, was wearing colored clothes, and had applied kohl. Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, objected to her, so she said: My father has commanded this. The narrator states: Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, used to narrate this in Iraq, that I went to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and wanted to complain about Fatimah because of what she had done. I told the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, about it. I objected to her, so the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: She has spoken the truth. When you intended Hajj, what did you say? Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said: I said: O Allah! I am present for whatever Your Messenger intended. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: You have the sacrificial animal with you, so do not exit Ihram now. The narrator states: The sacrificial animals that Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, brought from Yemen and those that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, brought together made one hundred. The narrator says: All the people exited Ihram and had their hair shortened. Only the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not do so, and those who had sacrificial animals with them did not do so. When the day of Tarwiyah came, these people set out towards Mina reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, mounted and performed the prayers of Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and Fajr. Then he stayed for a while, until the sun rose, and by his command, a tent made of hair was set up for him in the valley of Namirah. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, set out. The Quraysh had no doubt that he would stop near Mash'ar al-Haram as the Quraysh used to do in the time of ignorance, but the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, went beyond that and came to Arafah. There he camped until the sun declined, then by Allah's command, his she-camel Qaswa was saddled. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, came to the lower part of the valley to deliver a sermon to the people, then he said: "Indeed, your lives and your wealth are sacred to one another just as this day is sacred in this month in this city. Beware! Everything from the time of ignorance is placed under my feet, and the blood feuds of the time of ignorance are forgiven. The first blood I forgive from our blood feuds is that of the son of Rabi'ah bin Harith, who was being nursed in Buwath and was killed by the people of Hudhayl. The usury of the time of ignorance is abolished. The first usury I abolish is that of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him, all of it is forgiven. Fear Allah regarding women, for you have taken them with Allah's trust and made their private parts lawful with Allah's word. You have a right over them that they do not allow anyone you dislike to sit on your bedding. If they do so, then discipline them without excess. They have a right over you that you provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner. I am leaving among you something that if you hold fast to it, you will never go astray after it: the Book of Allah. If you are asked about me, what will you say?" The people said: We bear witness that you have conveyed the message, fulfilled the trust, and given good counsel. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, raised his index finger towards the sky and then pointed it towards the people and said: O Allah! Bear witness. He said this three times. Then the call to prayer was given, then the Iqamah was said. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, performed the Zuhr prayer, then the Iqamah was said, then he performed the Asr prayer. He did not perform any (supererogatory) prayer between them. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, mounted until he came to the place of standing. He made the belly of his she-camel Qaswa face the stones and placed Mount Mashat in front of him, facing the Qiblah. He remained there until the sun set and the yellow color disappeared. Shortly after that, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, seated Sayyiduna Usamah, may Allah be pleased with him, behind him and set out. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was pulling the reins of his she-camel Qaswa so much that its head was touching the front of the saddle, and he was signaling with his blessed hand to the people, saying: O people! Go calmly, go calmly. Whenever a mountain came in the way (i.e., an ascent), the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would loosen the reins a little so that it could climb over it, until the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, came to Muzdalifah. There he performed Maghrib and Isha prayers with one call to prayer and two Iqamahs. He did not perform any supererogatory prayer between them. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, lay down until dawn broke, then he performed the Fajr prayer. He performed this prayer after dawn with one call to prayer and one Iqamah. Then he mounted Qaswa and came to Mash'ar al-Haram. He faced the Qiblah, supplicated to Allah, declared His greatness, acknowledged His divinity, and His Oneness. He remained there continuously until it became very bright, then he departed before sunrise. He seated Sayyiduna Fadl bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, behind him. He was a person with very beautiful hair and was himself fair and handsome. When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, departed from there, some women passed by. Sayyiduna Fadl, may Allah be pleased with him, began to look at them. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, placed his blessed hand on the face of Sayyiduna Fadl, may Allah be pleased with him, and turned his face to the other side, until when he came to the valley of Muhassir, he moved (the she-camel) a little (i.e., increased its speed a bit), then he came to the middle path that leads to Jamrah al-Kubra, until he came to the Jamrah. He threw seven pebbles at it. With each pebble, he said Takbir. The pebble was such that it could be held between the fingers. He threw the pebbles from the lower part of the valley, then he went to the place of sacrifice. There he slaughtered 63 camels with his own blessed hand. The rest he entrusted to Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, slaughtered them. He made Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, a partner in his sacrifice. Then, by his command, a portion of each sacrifice was taken and cooked in a pot. Both of them ate its meat and drank its broth. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, mounted and went towards the House of Allah. He performed the Zuhr prayer in Makkah, then went to Banu Abdul Muttalib, from whom people were taking Zamzam water to drink. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: O Banu Abdul Muttalib, draw water. If I did not fear that people would overwhelm you (i.e., there would be too much crowd), I would also draw water with you. The people presented a bucket of water to him, and he drank from it.

The wording of this narration is from Ibn Abi Shaybah as transmitted by Hasan bin Sufyan. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) If we explain this section in detail, three Sunnahs will be included in it, and among the things we have indicated that are obligatory upon the Ummah of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and upon everyone, are performing ablution, tayammum, ghusl for janabah, performing prayer, performing Hajj, and other such matters. Whoever Allah grants the ability to do the right thing and guides to the path of guidance, he does not need to ponder much over these things (rather, these things are generally known to people).

Mujahid narrates: I and Urwah bin Zubair entered the mosque, where Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) was sitting near the chamber of Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). People were performing the Duha (forenoon) prayer in the mosque. The narrator says: We asked him about this prayer of those people, so he said: This is an innovation (bid’ah). Then he mentioned this: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed Umrah four times, one of which was in the month of Rajab. We did not like to declare his statement wrong or to reply to him. We heard the sound of Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) using the miswak in the chamber, so we said to her: O Mother of the Believers! Do you hear what Abu Abdur Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) is saying? She asked: What is he saying? Urwah informed her: He is saying that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed four Umrahs, one of which was in the month of Rajab. Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: May Allah have mercy on Abu Abdur Rahman. Whatever Umrah the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed, he (Ibn Umar) was also present, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not perform any Umrah in the month of Rajab. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The statement of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed four Umrahs, one of which was in the month of Rajab, clearly shows that even a better, reliable, and virtuous person can sometimes forget something he heard in a hadith or in which he was present. Because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed only four Umrahs: the first Umrah was the compensatory Umrah, which was in the year after Hudaybiyyah, and it was in the month of Ramadan; the second Umrah was when Makkah was conquered, and Makkah was also conquered in Ramadan; then he went from there to Hawazin, then the Battle of Hunayn took place, and when he returned from there and reached the place of Ji’ranah, he distributed the spoils of war there, and from there he set out towards Makkah to perform Umrah. This was in the month of Shawwal. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the fourth Umrah at the time of Hajj, which was in the month of Dhu al-Hijjah in the tenth year of Hijrah.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) performed four Umrahs: one at the time of Hudaybiyyah, one the following year as Qada (compensation), one Umrah from Ji’ranah, and one Umrah which he performed along with his Hajj.

Sayyiduna Bara’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: In the days of ignorance, when people would enter into the state of Ihram, they would come from the back of their houses (that is, they would set out for Hajj from the rear side of their homes). So Allah Almighty revealed this verse regarding this: "It is not righteousness that you come to the houses from their backs, but righteousness is for the one who fears (Allah)."

Ibrahim bin Abdullah narrates from his father: There was a disagreement between Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) at the place of "Abwa". Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that a person in the state of Ihram can wash his head, while Miswar said that a person in the state of Ihram cannot wash his head. They sent me to Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) so that I could ask him about this matter. I found him bathing between the two wooden parts of a saddle. He had covered himself with a cloth. I greeted him, and he asked: Who is it? I replied: I am Abdullah bin Haneen. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) has sent me to you so that I may ask you, how did the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) wash his head during Ihram? The narrator says: So Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) placed his hand on the cloth and lowered it a little until his head became visible to me. Then he said to the person pouring water: Pour water on me. He poured water on his head, so Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub (may Allah be pleased with him) moved his hands through his head. He moved his hands from the front to the back and then from the back to the front. Then he stated that I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) doing this.

Lady Umm Husayn (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I participated in the Farewell Pilgrimage with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). I saw Sayyiduna Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him); one of them was holding the rein of the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) camel, and the other was shading the Prophet (peace be upon him) with a cloth to protect him from the heat of the sun, until the Prophet (peace be upon him) had stoned the Jamrah ‘Aqabah.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had cupping done on his head due to pain while he was in the state of Ihram.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) had cupping done while he was in the state of Ihram.