Abu Al-Ajfa’ Salmi says that once I heard Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) saying: O people! Do not set high dowries for your wives, because if these things were a source of honor in this world or counted as piety in the sight of Allah, then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would have been the most deserving of them. Yet, the dowry of none of the Prophet’s wives or daughters was more than twelve uqiyah. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The second thing is that when someone is killed during jihad or dies a natural death, you people say that such and such person became a martyr, such and such person departed from this world as a martyr. However, it is also possible that he had hidden gold or silver in the back of his mount or under the saddle, with which he intended to trade. Therefore, do not say with certainty about anyone that he is a martyr. However, you can say that whoever is killed or dies in the path of Allah (he is a martyr) and will enter Paradise, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say.

Once, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the pulpit on Friday to deliver the sermon. He praised Allah Almighty, mentioned the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and recalled Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he said, "I have seen a dream, and it seems to me that the time of my departure from this world is near. In my dream, I saw that a rooster pecked me twice." Then he said, "People are telling me to appoint my successor. It is certain that Allah will neither let His religion be lost nor the caliphate with which Allah sent His Prophet. Now, if my decision is made soon, I am appointing a council of those six persons with whom the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was pleased at the time of his passing. When you pledge allegiance to any one of them, then listen to him and obey him. I know that some people will try to create discord in the matter of caliphate. By Allah! I have fought against such people with my own hands in defense of Islam. These people are enemies of Allah, disbelievers, and misguided. By Allah! After keeping the company of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), I do not remember that he was ever displeased with me in any matter except the issue of kalalah, in which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was extremely displeased with me, to the extent that he placed his finger on my chest and said, 'For you, the last verse of Surah An-Nisa, which was revealed in the summer, is sufficient in this matter.' If I remain alive, I will resolve this issue in such a way that both those who read this verse and those who do not will know the solution. And I make Allah a witness that I have sent governors and commanders to various cities only so that they may teach people the religion, explain the Sunnahs of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to them, distribute the spoils of war among them, do justice among them, and present before me those issues for which they have no solution." Then he said, "O people! You eat from two trees which I consider foul (one is garlic and the other is onion, which cause bad breath when eaten raw). I have seen that if the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) smelled their odor from anyone's mouth, he would order and that person would be taken by hand and expelled from the mosque, and not only that, but people would accompany him to Jannat al-Baqi and then return. If anyone wants to eat them, let him cook them to remove their odor." The narrator says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) delivered this sermon on Friday, and on Wednesday, the 26th of Dhu al-Hijjah, he was attacked.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Although Hajj Tamattu' is the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), I fear that people will spend the night with their wives under the trees of Pilu and then in the morning get up and make the intention for Hajj.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performing ablution after having become impure, in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wiped over his leather socks and offered prayer.

Sayyiduna Iyad Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I was present at the Battle of Yarmouk. Five commanders were appointed over us: Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan, Ibn Hasnah, Khalid ibn Walid, and Iyad ibn Ghanm (note that this does not refer to the narrator of the hadith himself). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had instructed that when the battle begins, your leader should be Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The narrator says: We wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) saying that death is leaping towards us, so send us reinforcements. He replied in writing: Your letter has reached me in which you requested help from me. I am telling you about such a Being whose help is the strongest and whose army is the most ever-present; that Being is Allah, the Blessed and Exalted. Seek help from Him, for the help of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was also granted at the Battle of Badr, even though they were much fewer in number than you. Therefore, when my letter reaches you, begin fighting them, and do not repeatedly ask me for help. The narrator says: Then we began fighting and inflicted a shameful defeat upon the polytheists, killing them for four farsakhs, and we also obtained spoils of war. After that, the Mujahideen consulted among themselves. Sayyiduna Iyad (may Allah be pleased with him) suggested that each Mujahid should be given ten dirhams per person. Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Who will take care of this with me? A young man said: If you are not displeased, I will do it. Saying this, he went ahead. I saw the locks of Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah's (may Allah be pleased with him) hair waving in the air, and that young man was riding behind him on an Arabian horse.

Ali bin Zaid says that once I came to Madinah Munawwarah, at that time I was wearing a silk cloak. Sayyiduna Salim (may Allah have mercy on him) said to me, "What will you do with these clothes?" I heard my father narrate a hadith from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Silk is worn by the one who has no share in the Hereafter."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man deliberately and intentionally killed his son. This matter was presented before Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), so he made one hundred camels as blood money obligatory upon him: thirty hiqqahs, thirty jadha’ahs, and forty thaniyyahs, meaning those that have entered their second year. And he said: The killer does not inherit. And if I had not heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say that a father is not to be killed in retaliation for his son, I would have killed you.

In another chain of narration, there is also this addition that then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called the brother of the murdered person and handed over the camels of blood money to him.

This same hadith from Mujahid is also narrated through this second chain, and he says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made one hundred camels obligatory as blood money for it: thirty hiqqahs, thirty jadha’ahs, and forty thaniyyahs, that is, those that have entered their second year, and all of them should be pregnant. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called the brother of the murdered man and handed over those camels of blood money to him and said: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say that the killer will not get anything.

Malik bin Aws says that once Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) brought their dispute to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) for judgment. Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Decide between me and him regarding such and such matters." The people also said, "Decide between them." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "I will not make any decision between the two of them because both of them know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Inheritance is not established in our property; whatever we leave behind is all charity.'"