Muhammad bin Amr narrates: Once, Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him) led the people in prayer while he was in a state of janabah (major ritual impurity). Later, when he saw a trace of a wet dream on his clothes, he said: "I have grown old. By Allah! I think I was in a state of janabah, but I did not realize it." Then Uthman repeated the prayer, but he did not order the people to repeat that prayer. The narrator named Abdur Rahman states: There is consensus on this matter that the person in a state of janabah will repeat the prayer, but the people will not repeat that prayer. To my knowledge, there is no difference of opinion regarding this.

Salim narrates from his father (Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both) regarding a person who leads people in prayer while in a state of impurity (without ablution). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, says: That person should repeat the prayer, but the people will not repeat that prayer.

Nafi' reports: On one occasion, Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) led his companions in prayer. Afterwards, he remembered that he had touched his private part (which invalidated his ablution), so Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) performed ablution again (and repeated the prayer), but he did not instruct those people to repeat their prayer. Ibn Mahdi reports: I asked Sufyan, "Are you aware of any narrator who has also reported that those people repeated the prayer?" He replied, "No, only a narrator named Hammad has reported this."

Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We performed a fard prayer behind the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and during the prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) joined his hands together. When he finished the prayer, we said: O Messenger of Allah! You have done something new during the prayer? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, Satan wanted to pass in front of me, so I caught him by the neck until I felt the coolness of his tongue on my hands. By Allah! If my brother Sulaiman (peace be upon him) had not already made that supplication before me, I would have tied that Satan to one of the pillars of this mosque, and the children of Madinah would have circled around him (and mocked him)."

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates about the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Once he performed prayer, and after completing the prayer, he said: "Satan came before me to spoil my prayer, but Allah gave me control over him, so I caught him. I intended to tie him to a pillar so that in the morning you all could see him." (Regarding one word here, the narrator is in doubt.) "Then I remembered the supplication of Sayyiduna Sulaiman (peace be upon him): 'O my Lord! Grant me such a kingdom as shall not belong to anyone after me.' (The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, says:) So Allah disgraced that Satan and sent him back."

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Wudu is the key to prayer, it begins with the takbir and ends with the salam. After every two rak'ahs, you should say the salam." Imam Abu Hanifa (may Allah have mercy on him) says: What is meant by this is reciting the tashahhud (i.e., after every two rak'ahs, you should recite the tashahhud).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Once the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) led us in the Zuhr or perhaps Asr prayer. The narrator says: After leading two rak‘ahs, he said the salam. Then he stood by the wooden post at the front part of the mosque, placed both his hands on it, one hand over the other. There was an expression of displeasure on his face. The hasty people left the mosque, saying:“The prayer has been shortened, the prayer has been shortened.”Among those present were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), but they did not have the courage to address the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). A man stood up, whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Dhu’l-Yadayn (the one with two hands). This man said:“O Messenger of Allah! Did you forget, or has the prayer been shortened?”The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied:“I neither forgot nor has the prayer been shortened.”He said:“O Messenger of Allah! Perhaps you forgot.”The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards the people and asked:“Is Dhu’l-Yadayn speaking the truth?”The people gestured: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to his place, completed the remaining two rak‘ahs, and then said the salam again. Then, saying the takbir, he performed a prostration like the usual prostrations, or perhaps a little longer, then raised his head and said the takbir. Muhammad, the narrator, was asked: Did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say the salam before performing the prostration of forgetfulness (sajdah sahw)? He replied: I do not remember these words from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), but I have been told this: Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated this: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said the salam.

This same narration is transmitted with some other chains as well; however, the words "so the people gestured" are not present in them. These words have only been narrated by the narrator named Hammad bin Zaid.

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Once the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was leading the people in prayer, and some donkeys passed in front of him. Among those praying behind the Prophet (peace be upon him), ‘Ayyash bin Abu Rabi‘ah began to say "Subhan Allah." When the Prophet (peace be upon him) finished the prayer with salam, he asked: "Who was saying Subhan Allah just now?" He replied: "O Messenger of Allah! I said it, because I have heard that if a donkey passes in front, the prayer is invalidated." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Nothing (that passes in front) invalidates the prayer."

Salim bin Abdullah narrates from his father (Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both): The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Nothing breaks a Muslim's prayer, but as much as you are able, try to prevent it (so that no one passes in front of you during prayer)."