Salama b. al-Akwa' said:While we were sitting with the Prophet a bier was brought along and the Prophet was asked to pray over it. He asked whether the dead man owed anything and when he was told that he did not he prayed over it. Another bier was brought along later, and when he asked whether the dead man owed anything and was told that he did, he asked whether he had left anything. On being told that he had left three dinars he prayed over the bier. A third was brought along later, and when he asked whether the dead man owed anything and was told that he owed three dinars, he asked whether he had left anything. On being told that he had not, he ordered them to pray over their friend; but when Abu Qatada said,“Pray over him, Messenger of God, and I shall be responsible for his debt,”he prayed over him. Bukhari transmitted it.

Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying,“If anyone accepts other people’s belongings meaning to pay back, God will pay back for him; but if anyone accepts them meaning to squander them, God will on that account destroy his property.”Bukhari transmitted it.

Abu Qatada told of a man saying,“Tell me, Messenger of God, if I am killed in God’s path showing endurance, seeking my reward from God, advancing and not retreating, will God efface my sins?”He replied,“Yes,”but when the man turned away he called him and said,“Yes, with the exception of a debt. Thus Gabriel said.”Muslim transmitted it.

‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr reported God’s Messenger as saying,“Every fault but a debt will be forgiven to a martyr.”Muslim transmitted it.

Abu Huraira said that:A man who had died in debt would be brought to God’s Messenger and he would ask whether he had left any-thing to discharge his debt. If he was told ^that he had left enough he would pray, otherwise he would tell the Muslims to pray over their friend. But when God wrought the conquests at his hands he stood up and said,“I am closer to the believers than their own selves (Al-Qur’an 33:6), so if any of the believers dies leaving a debt I shall be responsible for paying it, and if anyone leaves property it goes to his heirs.”(Bukhari and Muslim.)

Abu Khalda az-Zuraqi said:We went to Abu Huraira regarding a friend of ours who was insolvent and he said,“This is what God’s Messenger decided about him. If any one dies or is insolvent, the owner of the goods has most right to them if he finds his actual goods.”Shafi'i and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying,“A believer’s soul is attached to his debt till it is paid.”Shafi‘i, Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

Al-Bara’ b. ‘Azib reported God's Messenger as saying, "A debtor is bound to his debt and will complain to his Lord of loneliness on the day of resurrection.”It is transmitted in Sharh as-sunna.

A mursal tradition is transmitted to the effect that Mu'adh was in debt and his creditors went to the Prophet who sold all his property to pay his debt, with the result that Mu'adh had nothing left. This is the wording in al-Masabih, but the only source in which I have found it is al-Muntaqa.

‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Ka’b b. Malik said that Mu'adh b. Jabal was a generous young man who could save nothing and was always borrowing, so that he expended all his property on his debts. He went to the Prophet and asked him to speak to his creditors, and if they would have remitted debts to anyone they would have done it to Mu'adh for God’s Messenger’s sake, but God’s Messenger sold them his property with the result that Mu'adh had nothing left. Sa'id transmitted it in his Sunan in mursal form.