Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When dinner is served and the time for prayer arrives, then eat the food before the Maghrib prayer, and do not rush while eating."

Nafi' narrates: It was the practice of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that when the sun would set and night would fall, sometimes he would eat first. This was because he was fasting, even though at that time the muezzin would be giving the adhan. He would also give the iqamah. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) would be hearing this, but he would not leave his food, nor would he show haste while eating. When he had finished eating, he would then go and perform the prayer and would say: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has said: "When food is placed before you, do not show haste while eating."

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the prayer is established and any one of you is fasting, then he should eat his food before performing the Maghrib prayer, and he should not hasten with his food." Explanation: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) guided that if the time for Maghrib prayer has arrived and it is also time to break the fast, then first break your fast calmly, then perform the prayer. There should be neither haste nor anxiety in eating.

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was returning from the Battle of Hunayn, he continued traveling throughout the night, until when sleep began to overcome him, he camped. He said to Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him): "Keep watch for us during the night." Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), as was destined for him, kept performing prayers. Then the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions fell asleep. When the time of true dawn approached, Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) leaned against his mount and sat facing the direction of the true dawn. Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) also fell asleep, leaning against his mount. Neither the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), nor Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), nor any of the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) woke up until the sun had risen. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was the first to wake up. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) became concerned. He said: "O Bilal!" Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! May my father be sacrificed for you, the One who gave you sleep also made me fall asleep." The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Set out with your mounts." (After traveling a little further) the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution. He instructed Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), who then gave the iqamah for prayer. (After completing the prayer) the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever forgets a prayer or sleeps through its time, then when he remembers it, he should perform it." Because Allah the Exalted has said: "Establish prayer for My remembrance." The narrator named Yunus states: Ibn Shihab used to recite this word as: "lil-dhikri." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) Ibn Qutaybah narrated this hadith to us, and in it he mentioned that this incident was at Khaybar, although Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) did not participate in the Battle of Khaybar. When he accepted Islam and came to Madinah, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was at Khaybar, and the caretaker of Madinah was Sayyiduna Siba' bin 'Arfatah (may Allah be pleased with him). If the mention of Khaybar in this narration is correct, then it is possible that Abu Hurairah heard this narration from another companion and transmitted it as a "mursal" narration, as the companions (may Allah be pleased with them) often did. And if what is meant is the Battle of Hunayn and not Khaybar, then Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) did participate in it. And the incident of his participation and the incident he narrated are authentically established, and reason suggests that this is the incident of the Battle of Hunayn.

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man from among the Ansar, who was quite heavyset, said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "I do not have the ability to come and join you for prayer. If you would come to my house and pray there, I would follow your example (i.e., I would perform the prayer at that place)." Then that man prepared food for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and invited him to his house. He spread out the edge of his mat for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed two rak‘ahs of prayer on it. The narrator says: So-and-so bin Jarud asked Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): "Did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) perform the Duha prayer?" Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "I did not see the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) perform this prayer except on that day."

It is narrated about Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) that he used to lead his companions in prayer. One day, when the time for prayer came, he went to relieve himself. Then he returned and informed them: I heard the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say this: "When a person feels the need to relieve himself, he should fulfill that (need) before the prayer."

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No person should offer prayer in a state when he is restraining urine or stool."

Sayyidah Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I heard the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) say this: "No person should stand for prayer in such a state that his food has arrived, or when he is restraining himself from the two filthy things, stool or urine."

Qasim bin Muhammad narrates: There was some displeasure between Sayyida Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) and one of her nephews. That nephew came to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her); when he sat down, food was brought. He got up and started to go towards the mosque, so Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said to him: O incompetent one, sit down. I heard the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "No person should perform prayer when food is present, nor should he perform prayer when he is restraining himself from the two filthy things, i.e., urine and feces." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) (A person has been prohibited from performing prayer when he feels the need to urinate or defecate. The hidden reason for this prohibition is that if a person needs to do either of these, he will not be able to perform the prayer properly. And the evidence for this is that the wording of the narration explicitly states that a person should not be trying to restrain the two filthy things. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say that he should not be feeling the two filthy things. And here, by combining the two filthy things, it is meant that the presence of both together or either one of them. It does not mean that this ruling applies only when both are present together, and not when only one is present. The narrator named Abu Jazrah is Yaqub bin Mujahid.

Sayyiduna Mahmood bin Rabee’ Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna ‘Itbaan bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who had participated in the Battle of Badr, belonged to the Ansar. He came to the service of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He submitted: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! My eyesight has become weak. I lead my people in prayer, but when it rains, water accumulates in the low-lying area between me and them, so I cannot come to their mosque to lead them in prayer. Therefore, I wish, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), that you come to my house and perform prayer, so that I may make that place a prayer area. The narrator says: So the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will do so. Sayyiduna ‘Itbaan narrates: The next day, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) came after the day had risen. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) sought permission to enter. I presented permission to you. After entering the house, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) did not sit down. He asked: Where in your house do you wish that I perform prayer? The narrator says: I pointed to a corner of the house, so the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) stood there and said the takbeer. We stood behind him. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) completed two rak‘ahs and then gave salam. The narrator says: We detained you to eat khazeerah, which we had prepared for you.