Mas'ud bin al-Hakam al-Zuraqi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his mother, who said: It is as if I am looking at Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) riding the white mule of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the valley of the Ansar while he was calling out: O people! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, these are not days of fasting; rather, they are days of eating, drinking and remembrance (of Allah)." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Muslim, but they did not record it, and it also has an authentic supporting narration (shahid):

It is narrated from Abu Murrah, the freed slave (mawla) of Umm Hani, that he went with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) to his father, Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him). He placed food before the two of them and said: "Eat." Abdullah said: I am fasting. Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Eat, for these are the very days on which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to order us to break the fast and forbade us from fasting." Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) says that these refer to the days of Tashriq.

Sayyiduna Mutarrif narrates from his father (Abdullah bin al-Shikhkhir) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever fasts perpetually (that is, keeps fasting all year without a break) has neither fasted nor broken his fast," or (he said): "Neither has his fast counted nor his breaking of it." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs. It also has an authentic supporting narration (shahid) on their condition, which they did not record:

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) that it was said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): So-and-so fasts every day perpetually (never missing a day). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has neither fasted nor broken his fast."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Busr al-Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his sister al-Samma' that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not fast on Saturday except for what has been made obligatory upon you; and if one of you finds nothing (to break the fast with) except the bark of a grapevine or a twig of a tree, let him chew it." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Bukhari, but they did not record it. However, there is an authentic hadith contrary to it which the two Shaykhs have recorded, namely the narration of Sayyidah Juwayriyah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to her on a Friday while she was fasting, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did you fast yesterday?" She said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you intend to fast tomorrow (Saturday)?" (Then he mentioned the full hadith, in which there is no prohibition of fasting on Saturday; rather, it mentions the prohibition of singling out Friday for fasting.)

It is narrated from Imam Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) that when the prohibition of fasting on Saturday was mentioned before him, he said: "This is a narration of the people of Hims (that is, its authenticity has been questioned)." And in contrast to it there is another narration with an authentic chain:

It is narrated from Kurayb, the freed slave (mawla) of Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) to ask on which days the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fasted the most. She said: "Saturday and Sunday." I returned and told them, and it was as if they found this strange. Then they all went to her together and said: We sent this messenger to you to ask about such-and-such, and he told us that you said such-and-such. She said: "He has spoken the truth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fasted most on Saturday and Sunday, and he used to say: 'These two days are festival days of the polytheists, and I wish (by fasting) to differ from them.'"

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while we were with him, and she said: "O Messenger of Allah! My husband, Safwan bin al-Mu'attal, beats me when I pray, makes me break my fast when I fast, and does not pray the Fajr prayer until the sun has risen." The narrator says: Safwan was present there, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him about the woman's complaint. He said: "O Messenger of Allah! As for her saying that I beat her for praying, she recites two surahs (in the prayer) which I have forbidden her from, and I told her that if a single surah were recited it would suffice the people. As for her saying that I make her break her fast, she starts keeping (voluntary) fasts while I am a young man and cannot restrain myself (from my natural need)." So on that day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No woman should keep a (voluntary) fast except with her husband's permission." And as for her saying that I do not pray until the sun has risen, we are a household known for this (that we sleep deeply), and we hardly wake up until the sun has risen. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "(Safwan!) When you wake up, then pray." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Amir bin Ladin al-Ash'ari that he heard Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Friday is a festival day, so do not make your festival day your day of fasting, unless you also fast a day before it or a day after it." The chains of this hadith are authentic, but the two Shaykhs did not record it. However, I have not been able to learn the name of its narrator Abu Bishr, who he is; he is neither Bayan bin Bishr nor Ja'far bin Abi Wahshiyyah, and Allah knows best. A supporting narration (shahid) of this hadith with different wording is found in Bukhari and Muslim.

Malik bin Marthad narrates from his father, who said: I asked Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him): Did you ask the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about Laylat al-Qadr? He said: "I was the one among the people who asked him (peace and blessings be upon him) about it the most." I said: O Messenger of Allah! Tell me about Laylat al-Qadr: is it only in Ramadan, or in another month as well? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Rather, it is only in Ramadan." I said: O Messenger of Allah! Does it remain as long as the prophets are present, and when the prophets pass away it is taken up, or will it remain until the Day of Resurrection? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Rather, it will remain until the Day of Resurrection." I said: In which part of Ramadan is it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Seek it in the first ten and the last ten (nights of Ramadan)." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began speaking about other matters, and I seized the opportunity and asked again: O Messenger of Allah! In which of the twenty (nights) is it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Seek it in the last ten, and do not ask me about anything after this." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went on talking, and I seized the opportunity again and said: O Messenger of Allah! I adjure you by Allah to tell me on which nights of that ten it falls. He (peace and blessings be upon him) became so angry with me that he had never been so angry with me before or after, and he said: "If Allah had willed, He would have informed you of it. Seek it in the last seven nights." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Muslim, but the two Shaykhs did not record it.