It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that on the day of Badr the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever does such-and-such (an act of bravery) will receive such-and-such a reward (nafl) from the spoils." The narrator says: (Hearing this) the young men went forward, while the elders considered it necessary to stay by the banners and did not move from there. Then when Allah granted them victory, the elders said: "We were your support; had you been defeated, you would have fallen back to us. So do not take away all the spoils while we are left empty-handed." The young men refused and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has fixed this reward for us." Then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger," up to where He said: "Just as your Lord brought you out of your home with the truth, while a party of the believers were averse to it" [Al-Anfal: 1-5] . That is, that (distribution) proved to be better for them. So in the same way, obey me (in decisions), for I know the outcome of these matters better than you. This hadith is sahih (authentic), for Imam Bukhari used Ikrimah as evidence and Imam Muslim used Dawud bin Abi Hind as evidence, but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him): On the day of Badr I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a sword and said: O Messenger of Allah, today my heart has been soothed (by fighting) against the enemy, so grant me this sword. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "This sword is neither mine nor yours (rather, it belongs to Allah)." I went away saying: Today it will be given to someone who has not endured what I have endured. Meanwhile a messenger came to me and said: Respond (to the call of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)). I thought that perhaps some revelation had come down about what I had said. I came, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You asked me for this sword while it was neither mine nor yours; now Allah has given it to me, so (now) it is yours." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger." This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that on the day of Badr the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out with three hundred and fifteen (315) Companions, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) made this supplication: 'Allahumma innahum hufatun fahmilhum, Allahumma innahum 'uratun faksuhum, Allahumma innahum jiya'un fa-ashbi'hum' (O Allah, they are barefoot, so give them mounts; O Allah, they are unclothed, so clothe them; O Allah, they are hungry, so feed them to their fill). So Allah granted him (peace and blessings be upon him) victory on the day of Badr, and when they returned, there was not a single man among them who did not have one or two camels, and they had all become clothed and well fed. This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it, even though they both agreed on using Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Madhhiji as evidence.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would give some of the detachments (saraya) he sent out an extra share (nafl) specifically for themselves, in addition to the distribution to the army at large, and taking out the fifth (khums) from it was obligatory in any case. This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

Imam Makhul (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I was a slave in Egypt belonging to a woman of the tribe of Hudhayl, and she set me free. When I left Egypt, I had absorbed all the knowledge (of hadith) that was there. Then I came to Syria and sifted through its knowledge as well. Everywhere I asked about "nafl" (an extra reward from the spoils), but I found no one who could tell me anything, until I met an elder called Ziyad bin Jariyah al-Tamimi. I asked him: Have you heard anything about nafl? He said: Yes, I heard Habib bin Maslamah al-Fihri (may Allah be pleased with him) say: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a quarter (1/4) (of the spoils) as nafl at the start of an expedition and a third (1/3) on the return.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Habib bin Maslamah al-Fihri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would give a third as nafl (extra reward) after taking out the fifth (khums) (from the spoils). This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Muhammad bin Abi al-Mujalid: The people of the mosque sent me to Sayyiduna Ibn Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask him what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did with the food obtained at Khaybar. I went and asked him this very question: Did he (peace and blessings be upon him) take out a fifth (khums) from it? He said: No, it was less (significant) than that; whoever among us needed something would take from it according to his need. This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Barzah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Arabs used to say: Whoever eats bread becomes fat. When we conquered Khaybar, we drove them away from their bread (that is, they abandoned their meal and fled). I sat down at a loaf and ate from it until I was full, and then I began looking at my two sides to see whether I had become fat (straight away) or not. This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla narrates from his father: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the conquest of Khaybar. When the enemy was defeated, we entered their encampments, and the people seized the livestock (sheep and goats) they found there. Only a short while had passed when the cooking pots began to boil (with meat). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw this, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the pots to be overturned (so that no one would eat before the proper distribution). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed among us and allotted one goat for every ten men. This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Tha'labah bin al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Plunder (plundered goods) is not lawful, so overturn the cooking pots." In the same way, Ghundar and Ibn Abi Adi narrated it from Shu'bah, and they mentioned that Tha'labah heard it directly from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it because of the narration of Simak bin Harb, for he once narrated it from Tha'labah bin al-Hakam, from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).