صحیح ابن حبان
Sahih Ibn Hibban
صدقة التطوع - ذكر البيان بأن ما يأكل السباع والطيور من ثمر غراس المسلم يكون له فيه أجر
Voluntary Charity – Clarifying That What Animals and Birds Eat from a Muslim’s Crop is Rewarded
Hadith Number: 3369
اخبرنا عبد الله بن احمد بن موسى الجواليقي ، بعسكر مكرم، حدثنا عمرو بن علي بن بحر ، حدثنا ابو عاصم ، عن ابن جريج ، قال: اخبرني ابو الزبير ، قال: سمعت جابر بن عبد الله ، يقول: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول: " لا يغرس مسلم غرسا فياكل منه سبع وطير وشيء إلا كان له فيه اجر" .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates: I heard the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whenever a Muslim plants a garden, and any beast or bird eats anything from it, that person receives its reward."
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه مسلم فى (صحيحه) برقم: 1552، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3368، 3369، والدارمي فى (مسنده) برقم: 2652، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 11865، 11866، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 15434» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3358»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الأمر للمرء بترك صدقة ماله كله والاقتصار على البعض منه إذ هو خير
Voluntary Charity – Ordering Not to Give All One’s Wealth in Charity, but Only Part of It
Hadith Number: 3370
اخبرنا محمد بن الحسن بن قتيبة ، قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابي السري ، قال: حدثنا عبد الرزاق ، قال: اخبرنا معمر ، عن الزهري، قال: اخبرني عبد الرحمن بن كعب بن مالك ، عن ابيه ، قال: لم اتخلف عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في غزوة غزاها، حتى كانت غزوة تبوك إلا بدر، ولم يعاتب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم احدا تخلف عن بدر، إنما خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يريد العير، وخرجت قريش مغيثين لعيرهم، فالتقوا على غير موعد كما قال الله، ولعمري إن اشرف مشاهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في الناس لبدر، وما احب اني كنت شهدتها مكان بيعتي ليلة العقبة حين تواثقنا على الإسلام، ولم اتخلف بعد عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في غزوة غزاها، حتى كانت غزوة تبوك، وهي آخر غزوة غزاها، آذن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم الناس بالرحيل، واراد ان يتاهبوا اهبة غزوهم، وذلك حين طاب الظلال، وطابت الثمار، وكان قلما اراد غزوة إلا ورى غيرها، وكان يقول: " الحرب خدعة"، فاراد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في غزوة تبوك ان يتاهب الناس اهبته، وانا ايسر ما كنت، قد جمعت راحلتين لي، فلم ازل كذلك حتى قام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غاديا بالغداة، وذلك يوم الخميس، وكان يحب ان يخرج يوم الخميس، فاصبح غاديا، فقلت: انطلق إلى السوق، واشتري جهازي، ثم الحق بها، فانطلقت إلى السوق من الغد، فعسر علي بعض شاني، فرجعت، فقلت:" ارجع غدا إن شاء الله، فالحق بهم، فعسر علي بعض شاني ايضا، فلم ازل كذلك حتى لبس بي الذنب، وتخلفت عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فجعلت امشي في الاسواق واطراف المدينة، فيحزنني ان لا ارى احدا تخلف عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلا رجلا مغموصا عليه في النفاق، وكان ليس احد تخلف إلا ارى ذلك سيخفى له، وكان الناس كثيرا لا يجمعهم ديوان، وكان جميع من تخلف عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بضعة وثمانين رجلا، ولم يذكرني النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حتى بلغ تبوكا، فلما بلغ تبوكا، قال:" ما فعل كعب بن مالك؟"، فقال رجل من قومي: خلفه يا رسول الله برداه والنظر في عطفيه، فقال معاذ بن جبل: بئس ما قلت، والله يا نبي الله ما نعلم إلا خيرا، قال: فبينا هم كذلك إذا رجل يزول به السراب، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم:" كن ابا خيثمة"، فإذا هو ابو خيثمة، فلما قضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم غزوة تبوك، وقفل ودنا من المدينة، جعلت اتذكر ماذا اخرج به من سخط النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، واستعين على ذلك بكل ذي راي من اهل بيتي، حتى إذا قيل: النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مصبحكم بالغداة، راح عني الباطل، وعرفت اني لا انجو إلا بالصدق، فدخل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ضحى، فصلى في المسجد ركعتين، وكان إذا قدم من سفر فعل ذلك، دخل المسجد، فصلى فيه ركعتين، ثم جلس، فجعل ياتيه من تخلف، فيحلفون له، ويعتذرون إليه، فيستغفر لهم، ويقبل علانيتهم، ويكل سرائرهم إلى الله، فدخلت المسجد، فإذا هو جالس، فلما رآني تبسم تبسم المغضب، فجئت، فجلست بين يديه، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" الم تكن ابتعت ظهرا؟"، قلت: بلى يا نبي الله، فقال:" ما خلفك عني؟"، فقلت: والله لو بين يدي احد من الناس غيرك جلست، لخرجت من سخطه علي بعذر، ولقد اوتيت جدلا، ولكني قد علمت يا نبي الله اني إن حدثتك اليوم بقول تجد علي فيه وهو حق، فإني ارجو فيه عقبى الله، وإن حدثتك اليوم بحديث ترضى عني فيه وهو كذب اوشك ان يطلعك الله علي، والله يا نبي الله ما كنت قط ايسر، ولا اخف حاذا مني، حيث تخلفت عليك، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم:" اما هذا، فقد صدقكم الحديث، قم حتى يقضي الله فيك"، فقمت فثار على اثري ناس من قومي يؤنبونني، فقالوا: والله ما نعلمك اذنبت ذنبا قط قبل هذا، فهلا اعتذرت إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بعذر يرضاه عنك فيه، وكان استغفار رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سياتي من وراء ذلك، ولم تقف موقفا لا ندري ماذا يقضى لك فيه، فلم يزالوا يؤنبونني حتى هممت ان ارجع، فاكذب نفسي، فقلت: هل قال هذا القول احد غيري؟ قالوا: نعم، قاله هلال بن امية ومرارة بن ربيعة، فذكروا رجلين صالحين شهدا بدرا، لي فيهما اسوة، فقلت: والله لا ارجع إليه في هذا ابدا، ولا اكذب نفسي، ونهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن كلامنا ايها الثلاثة، فجعلت اخرج إلى السوق، ولا يكلمني احد، وتنكر لنا الناس، حتى ما هم بالذين نعرف، وتنكر لنا الحيطان حتى ما هي بالحيطان التي نعرف، وتنكرت لنا الارض، حتى ما هي بالارض التي نعرف، وكنت اقوى اصحابي، فكنت اخرج فاطوف في الاسواق، فآتي المسجد، وآتي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فاسلم عليه، واقول: هل حرك شفتيه بالسلام، فإذا قمت اصلي إلى سارية، واقبلت على صلاتي، نظر إلي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بمؤخر عينيه، وإذا نظرت إليه، اعرض عني، واشتكى صاحباي، فجعلا يبكيان الليل والنهار، ولا يطلعان رءوسهما، قال: فبينا انا اطوف في الاسواق، إذا رجل نصراني قد جاء بطعام له يبيعه، يقول: من يدل على كعب بن مالك، فطفق الناس يشيرون له إلي، فاتاني واتى بصحيفة من ملك غسان، فإذا فيها: اما بعد، فإنه بلغني ان صاحبك قد جفاك واقصاك ولست بدار هوان ولا مضيعة، فالحق بنا نواسك، فقلت: هذا ايضا من البلاء، فسجرت لها التنور، فاحرقتها فيه، فلما مضت اربعون ليلة إذا رسول من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قد اتاني، فقال: اعتزل امراتك، فقلت: اطلقها؟ قال: لا، ولكن لا تقربها، فجاءت امراة هلال بن امية، فقالت: يا نبي الله، إن هلال بن امية شيخ ضعيف، فهل تاذن لي ان اخدمه، قال:" نعم، ولكن لا يقربنك"، قالت: يا نبي الله، ما به حركة لشيء، ما زال متكئا يبكي الليل والنهار مذ كان من امره ما كان، قال كعب: فلما طال علي البلاء، اقتحمت على ابي قتادة حائطه، وهو ابن عمي، فسلمت عليه، فلم يرد علي، فقلت: انشدك الله يا ابا قتادة، اتعلم اني احب الله ورسوله؟ فسكت، فقلت: انشدك الله يا ابا قتادة، اتعلم اني احب الله ورسوله؟ فسكت، فقلت: انشدك الله يا ابا قتادة، اتعلم اني احب الله ورسوله؟ فقال: الله ورسوله اعلم، قال: فلم املك نفسي ان بكيت، ثم اقتحمت الحائط خارجا، حتى إذا مضت خمسون ليلة من حين نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن كلامنا، صليت على ظهر بيت لنا صلاة الفجر، وانا في المنزلة التي قال الله، قد ضاقت علينا الارض بما رحبت وضاقت علينا انفسنا، إذ سمعت نداء من ذروة سلع ان ابشر يا كعب بن مالك، فخررت ساجدا، وعرفت ان الله قد جاءنا بالفرج، ثم جاء رجل يركض على فرس يبشرني، فكان الصوت اسرع من فرسه، فاعطيته ثوبي بشارة، ولبست ثوبين آخرين، وكانت توبتنا نزلت على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثلث الليل، فقالت ام سلمة: يا نبي الله، الا نبشر كعب بن مالك، فقال:" إذا يحطمكم الناس ويمنعونكم النوم سائر الليلة"، قال: وكانت ام سلمة محسنة في شاني، تخبرني بامري، فانطلقت إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فإذا هو جالس في المسجد، وحوله المسلمون، وهو يستنير كاستنار القمر، وكان إذا سر بالامر استنار، فجئت فجلست بين يديه، فقال:" يا كعب بن مالك، ابشر بخير يوم اتى عليك منذ ولدتك امك"، قال: فقلت: يا نبي الله، امن عند الله ام من عندك؟ قال:" بل من عند الله"، ثم تلا عليهم: لقد تاب الله على النبي والمهاجرين والانصار سورة التوبة آية 117، حتى بلغ هو التواب الرحيم سورة البقرة آية 37، قال: وفينا نزلت اتقوا الله وكونوا مع الصادقين سورة التوبة آية 119، قال: فقلت: يا نبي الله، إن من توبتي اني لا احدث إلا صدقا، وان انخلع من مالي كله صدقة إلى الله، وإلى رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال:" امسك عليك بعض مالك، فهو خير لك"، قال: فقلت: فإني امسك سهمي الذي بخيبر، قال: فما انعم الله علي من نعمة بعد الإسلام اعظم في نفسي من صدقي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حين صدقته انا وصاحباي، ان لا نكون كذبنا، فهلكنا كما هلكوا، وما تعمدت لكذبة بعد، وإني لارجو ان يحفظني الله فيما بقي قال الزهري: فهذا ما انتهى إلينا من حديث كعب بن مالك.
Abdur Rahman bin Ka’b narrates from his father: I was never left behind from any battle with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), until the occasion of the Battle of Tabuk arrived. However, I did not participate in the Battle of Badr, but the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not express anger at anyone who did not participate in the Battle of Badr. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had actually set out in search of the (Quraysh) caravan, and the Quraysh had set out to protect their caravan. Without any prior arrangement, both armies confronted each other, just as Allah Almighty has stated: And by my life! Among the battles of the Prophet (peace be upon him), the most honorable in the eyes of the people is Badr, but I do not wish that I had participated in it in exchange for the honor of having pledged allegiance on the night of Aqabah, for we had pledged to remain steadfast on Islam. After that, in whichever battle the Prophet (peace be upon him) participated, I was not left behind, until the occasion of the Battle of Tabuk came, which was the last battle in which the Prophet (peace be upon him) participated.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) informed the people of the departure and intended that the people should make full preparations to participate in the battle. This was at a time when the shadows had become pure and the fruits had ripened. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had a habit that whenever he participated in a battle, he would not specify its direction; he (peace be upon him) used to say that war is deception. But regarding the Battle of Tabuk, the Prophet (peace be upon him) wanted the people to prepare well. At that time, I was more prosperous than ever before; I had even prepared two mounts. I remained in this state until the Prophet (peace be upon him) made preparations to depart the next day; this was on a Thursday. The Prophet (peace be upon him) liked to depart on Thursdays. He (peace be upon him) departed in the morning. I thought I would go to the market and buy supplies, then join the Prophet (peace be upon him). The next day, I went to the market, but none of my tasks were completed, so I returned. I thought, God willing, I will go tomorrow and join the people. Then another task of mine got stuck. This kept happening until sin became a barrier for me, and I was left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Then I would walk around the market, walk around the outskirts of Madinah, and I was also saddened that I did not see anyone who had been left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him), except for those about whom it was thought that they were hypocrites, and only such a person could be left behind about whom I would have the opinion that he had remained hidden from the Prophet (peace be upon him). The number of people was very large; their names were not recorded as they are today. All those who were left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him) were about eighty (80) in number. The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not remember me until he reached Tabuk. When he (peace be upon him) reached Tabuk, he asked: What is the matter with Ka’b bin Malik? A man from the tribe said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! His two cloaks and his self-admiration have kept him behind. Sayyiduna Mu’adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You have said a very wrong thing, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! By Allah! (Regarding him) we know only good. The narrator says: They were still in this state when, from afar, a man appeared like a mirage. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Is it Abu Khathamah? And it was indeed Abu Khathamah.
When the Prophet (peace be upon him) completed the Battle of Tabuk and returned, and when he approached Madinah, I began to think about how I could save myself from the anger of the Prophet (peace be upon him). I sought help from every wise person in my family regarding this, until when it was said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would arrive the next morning, falsehood departed from me, and I realized that I could only attain salvation by speaking the truth. The Prophet (peace be upon him) entered (Madinah) at the time of forenoon; he performed two rak’ahs in the mosque. Whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned from a journey, he would do this: he would come to the mosque, perform two rak’ahs, and then sit down. Those who had been left behind came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and began to swear oaths and present excuses before him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) would pray for their forgiveness, accept what they showed, and leave their hidden matters to Allah.
When I entered the mosque, the Prophet (peace be upon him) was sitting. When he (peace be upon him) saw me, he smiled as a person smiles in anger. I came and sat before the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: Did you not buy a mount (to travel)? I replied: Yes, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: Then why were you left behind? I replied: By Allah! If I were sitting before anyone other than you, I would have saved myself from his anger by presenting an excuse, for I have been given the gift of eloquence. O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), I know that if today I speak to you a falsehood that would please you, Allah Almighty will soon inform you about me. And if I speak the truth, though you may be angry with me, I hope that Allah Almighty will ultimately make it good for me. By Allah! O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), I have never been more prosperous or more at ease than when I was left behind from you.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: This man has spoken the truth to you. Get up until Allah Almighty decides about you. I got up. Some people from my tribe followed me, scolding me and saying: By Allah! We know that you have never committed any sin before. You could have presented an excuse to the Prophet (peace be upon him) so that he would be pleased with you, and then he would have prayed for your forgiveness, and you would not be in such a situation where we do not know what will be decided about you. They kept rebuking me until I intended to go back and deny my statement. I asked: Has anyone else spoken the truth as I have? The people replied: Yes. Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Murarah bin Rabi’ (may Allah be pleased with him) have also said the same. The people mentioned two men who had participated in the Battle of Badr. For me, there was an example in following them. I said: By Allah! I will never go back to the Prophet (peace be upon him) regarding this matter and declare my statement false.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade people from speaking to us three men. I would go out to the market, but no one would speak to me. People stopped recognizing us, so much so that there was no one among them with whom we could converse. The gardens became strange to us, so much so that there was no one in the gardens whom we knew. The earth became strange to us, so much so that the earth felt alien to us. I was stronger than my two companions; I would go out of the house, circle the market, come to the mosque, and present myself before the Prophet (peace be upon him). I would greet him and then look to see if he moved his lips in reply to my greeting. When I would pray facing a pillar and focus on the prayer, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would look at me from the corner of his eyes. When I looked towards him, he would turn away from me. My two companions became ill; they would weep day and night and would not even show their heads outside.
Once, I was wandering in the market when a Christian man came to sell something and was asking who could take him to Ka’b bin Malik. The people pointed towards me. He brought a letter from the king of Ghassan, in which it was written:“After this! I have learned that your master has wronged you and has set you aside. You are not meant to be humiliated or wasted. Come to us; we will take care of you.”I thought this was another calamity. I lit the oven and burned the letter in it.
When forty days had passed, a messenger from the Prophet (peace be upon him) came to me and said: Stay away from your wife. I asked: Should I divorce her? He replied: No, but do not go near her. The wife of Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), Hilal bin Umayyah is an old and weak man. Will you allow me to serve him? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Yes, but he should not come near you. She said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), since this matter has happened, he has not done so before either; he just sits and weeps day and night.
Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When my trial became prolonged, I went to the garden of Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) to meet him; he was my cousin. I greeted him, but he did not reply. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He remained silent. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He remained silent. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He said: Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) know best. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I could not control myself; I began to weep and left the garden.
When fifty days had passed since the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade people from speaking to us, one day I was performing the Fajr prayer on the roof of my house, and at that time I was in the state that Allah Almighty has mentioned: the earth, despite its vastness, had become constricted for us, and our own souls had become constricted for us. At that moment, I heard a caller from the top of the mountain of Sala’ calling: O Ka’b bin Malik! Glad tidings to you! I fell into prostration; I realized that Allah Almighty had granted relief. A man was coming, racing his horse to bring me the good news, but the voice of the other man reached me faster than his horse. Because of this good news, I gave him my clothes and wore other clothes myself.
The command for the acceptance of our repentance was revealed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) after a third of the night had passed. Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), should we not give the glad tidings to Ka’b bin Malik? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: In that case, people will crowd at your place and will not let you sleep all night. Sayyiduna Ka’b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) did great good for me in my matter and informed me about my case.
I presented myself before the Prophet (peace be upon him); he was sitting in the mosque at that time, and the Muslims were around him. The face of the Prophet (peace be upon him) was shining like the moon; whenever he was pleased with something, it would shine like that. I came and sat before him. He (peace be upon him) said: O Ka’b, rejoice in a day better for you than any day since your mother bore you. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), is this from Allah Almighty or from you? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Rather, it is from Allah Almighty. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited this verse before the people:“Allah has bestowed His favor upon the Muhajirun and the Ansar...”up to“He is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: This verse was revealed about us:“Fear Allah and be with those who are truthful.”Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), as part of my repentance, I will always speak the truth, and I will give all my wealth in charity to Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Keep some of your wealth for yourself; that is better for you. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I said: Then I will keep my share in Khaybar. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: After Allah Almighty granted me the blessing of Islam, He did not grant me any blessing greater in my eyes than that I spoke the truth before the Prophet (peace be upon him)—I did, and my two companions did as well—because as a result, we were saved from destruction by lying, as others were destroyed. After that, I have never knowingly told a lie, and I hope that for the rest of my life, Allah Almighty will protect me from lying. (Az-Zuhri says: This is the narration that has reached us regarding the incident of Sayyiduna Ka’b bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him.)
The Prophet (peace be upon him) informed the people of the departure and intended that the people should make full preparations to participate in the battle. This was at a time when the shadows had become pure and the fruits had ripened. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had a habit that whenever he participated in a battle, he would not specify its direction; he (peace be upon him) used to say that war is deception. But regarding the Battle of Tabuk, the Prophet (peace be upon him) wanted the people to prepare well. At that time, I was more prosperous than ever before; I had even prepared two mounts. I remained in this state until the Prophet (peace be upon him) made preparations to depart the next day; this was on a Thursday. The Prophet (peace be upon him) liked to depart on Thursdays. He (peace be upon him) departed in the morning. I thought I would go to the market and buy supplies, then join the Prophet (peace be upon him). The next day, I went to the market, but none of my tasks were completed, so I returned. I thought, God willing, I will go tomorrow and join the people. Then another task of mine got stuck. This kept happening until sin became a barrier for me, and I was left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Then I would walk around the market, walk around the outskirts of Madinah, and I was also saddened that I did not see anyone who had been left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him), except for those about whom it was thought that they were hypocrites, and only such a person could be left behind about whom I would have the opinion that he had remained hidden from the Prophet (peace be upon him). The number of people was very large; their names were not recorded as they are today. All those who were left behind from the Prophet (peace be upon him) were about eighty (80) in number. The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not remember me until he reached Tabuk. When he (peace be upon him) reached Tabuk, he asked: What is the matter with Ka’b bin Malik? A man from the tribe said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! His two cloaks and his self-admiration have kept him behind. Sayyiduna Mu’adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You have said a very wrong thing, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! By Allah! (Regarding him) we know only good. The narrator says: They were still in this state when, from afar, a man appeared like a mirage. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Is it Abu Khathamah? And it was indeed Abu Khathamah.
When the Prophet (peace be upon him) completed the Battle of Tabuk and returned, and when he approached Madinah, I began to think about how I could save myself from the anger of the Prophet (peace be upon him). I sought help from every wise person in my family regarding this, until when it was said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would arrive the next morning, falsehood departed from me, and I realized that I could only attain salvation by speaking the truth. The Prophet (peace be upon him) entered (Madinah) at the time of forenoon; he performed two rak’ahs in the mosque. Whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned from a journey, he would do this: he would come to the mosque, perform two rak’ahs, and then sit down. Those who had been left behind came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and began to swear oaths and present excuses before him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) would pray for their forgiveness, accept what they showed, and leave their hidden matters to Allah.
When I entered the mosque, the Prophet (peace be upon him) was sitting. When he (peace be upon him) saw me, he smiled as a person smiles in anger. I came and sat before the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: Did you not buy a mount (to travel)? I replied: Yes, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: Then why were you left behind? I replied: By Allah! If I were sitting before anyone other than you, I would have saved myself from his anger by presenting an excuse, for I have been given the gift of eloquence. O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), I know that if today I speak to you a falsehood that would please you, Allah Almighty will soon inform you about me. And if I speak the truth, though you may be angry with me, I hope that Allah Almighty will ultimately make it good for me. By Allah! O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), I have never been more prosperous or more at ease than when I was left behind from you.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: This man has spoken the truth to you. Get up until Allah Almighty decides about you. I got up. Some people from my tribe followed me, scolding me and saying: By Allah! We know that you have never committed any sin before. You could have presented an excuse to the Prophet (peace be upon him) so that he would be pleased with you, and then he would have prayed for your forgiveness, and you would not be in such a situation where we do not know what will be decided about you. They kept rebuking me until I intended to go back and deny my statement. I asked: Has anyone else spoken the truth as I have? The people replied: Yes. Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Murarah bin Rabi’ (may Allah be pleased with him) have also said the same. The people mentioned two men who had participated in the Battle of Badr. For me, there was an example in following them. I said: By Allah! I will never go back to the Prophet (peace be upon him) regarding this matter and declare my statement false.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade people from speaking to us three men. I would go out to the market, but no one would speak to me. People stopped recognizing us, so much so that there was no one among them with whom we could converse. The gardens became strange to us, so much so that there was no one in the gardens whom we knew. The earth became strange to us, so much so that the earth felt alien to us. I was stronger than my two companions; I would go out of the house, circle the market, come to the mosque, and present myself before the Prophet (peace be upon him). I would greet him and then look to see if he moved his lips in reply to my greeting. When I would pray facing a pillar and focus on the prayer, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would look at me from the corner of his eyes. When I looked towards him, he would turn away from me. My two companions became ill; they would weep day and night and would not even show their heads outside.
Once, I was wandering in the market when a Christian man came to sell something and was asking who could take him to Ka’b bin Malik. The people pointed towards me. He brought a letter from the king of Ghassan, in which it was written:“After this! I have learned that your master has wronged you and has set you aside. You are not meant to be humiliated or wasted. Come to us; we will take care of you.”I thought this was another calamity. I lit the oven and burned the letter in it.
When forty days had passed, a messenger from the Prophet (peace be upon him) came to me and said: Stay away from your wife. I asked: Should I divorce her? He replied: No, but do not go near her. The wife of Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), Hilal bin Umayyah is an old and weak man. Will you allow me to serve him? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Yes, but he should not come near you. She said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), since this matter has happened, he has not done so before either; he just sits and weeps day and night.
Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When my trial became prolonged, I went to the garden of Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) to meet him; he was my cousin. I greeted him, but he did not reply. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He remained silent. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He remained silent. I said: O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah, do you know that I love Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)? He said: Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) know best. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I could not control myself; I began to weep and left the garden.
When fifty days had passed since the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade people from speaking to us, one day I was performing the Fajr prayer on the roof of my house, and at that time I was in the state that Allah Almighty has mentioned: the earth, despite its vastness, had become constricted for us, and our own souls had become constricted for us. At that moment, I heard a caller from the top of the mountain of Sala’ calling: O Ka’b bin Malik! Glad tidings to you! I fell into prostration; I realized that Allah Almighty had granted relief. A man was coming, racing his horse to bring me the good news, but the voice of the other man reached me faster than his horse. Because of this good news, I gave him my clothes and wore other clothes myself.
The command for the acceptance of our repentance was revealed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) after a third of the night had passed. Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), should we not give the glad tidings to Ka’b bin Malik? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: In that case, people will crowd at your place and will not let you sleep all night. Sayyiduna Ka’b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) did great good for me in my matter and informed me about my case.
I presented myself before the Prophet (peace be upon him); he was sitting in the mosque at that time, and the Muslims were around him. The face of the Prophet (peace be upon him) was shining like the moon; whenever he was pleased with something, it would shine like that. I came and sat before him. He (peace be upon him) said: O Ka’b, rejoice in a day better for you than any day since your mother bore you. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), is this from Allah Almighty or from you? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Rather, it is from Allah Almighty. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited this verse before the people:“Allah has bestowed His favor upon the Muhajirun and the Ansar...”up to“He is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: This verse was revealed about us:“Fear Allah and be with those who are truthful.”Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), as part of my repentance, I will always speak the truth, and I will give all my wealth in charity to Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Keep some of your wealth for yourself; that is better for you. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I said: Then I will keep my share in Khaybar. Sayyiduna Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: After Allah Almighty granted me the blessing of Islam, He did not grant me any blessing greater in my eyes than that I spoke the truth before the Prophet (peace be upon him)—I did, and my two companions did as well—because as a result, we were saved from destruction by lying, as others were destroyed. After that, I have never knowingly told a lie, and I hope that for the rest of my life, Allah Almighty will protect me from lying. (Az-Zuhri says: This is the narration that has reached us regarding the incident of Sayyiduna Ka’b bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him.)
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه البخاري فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2757، 2947، 2948، ومسلم فى (صحيحه) برقم: 716، 2769، وابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2442، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3370، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 4215، والنسائي فى (المجتبیٰ) برقم: 730، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 2202، 2637، والترمذي فى (جامعه) برقم: 3102، وابن ماجه فى (سننه) برقم: 1393، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 16011» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3359»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الإخبار عما يجب على المرء من الاقتصار عن ثلث ماله إذا أراد التقرب به إلى الله دون إخراج ماله كله
Voluntary Charity – On Limiting Charity to a Third of One’s Wealth When Seeking Allah’s Pleasure
Hadith Number: 3371
اخبرنا محمد بن عبيد الله بن الفضل الكلاعي ، بحمص، قال: حدثنا كثير بن عبيد ، قال: حدثنا محمد بن حرب ، عن الزبيدي ، عن الزهري ، عن حسين بن السائب بن ابي لبابة ، ان جده ابا لبابة ، حين تاب الله عليه في تخلفه عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وفيما كان سلف قبل ذلك في امور وجد عليه فيها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: يا رسول الله، إني اهجر داري التي اصبت فيها الذنب، وانتقل إليك واساكنك، وإني انخلع من مالي كله صدقة إلى الله وإلى رسوله، فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" يجزئك من ذلك الثلث" .
Husain bin Sa’d narrates: His grandfather, Sayyiduna Abu Lubabah (may Allah be pleased with him), regarding going after the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)—Allah Almighty accepted his repentance. Even before this, some such matters had occurred due to which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was displeased with him. (So when his repentance was accepted), he submitted: O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon you)! I want to leave the area where I committed the sin and I want to move towards you and live with you. I present all my wealth as charity in the court of Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) and I disassociate myself from it. So the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: Giving one third of it (in charity) is permissible for you (or will be sufficient for you).
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه ابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3371، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 6721، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 3319، وسعيد بن منصور فى (سننه) ترقيم الدرالسلفية برقم:، 988، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7870، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 15991» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3360»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الزجر عن أن يتصدق المرء بماله كله ثم يبقى كلا على غيره
Voluntary Charity – Warning Against Giving All One’s Wealth and Becoming a Burden on Others
Hadith Number: 3372
اخبرنا ابن قتيبة ، قال: حدثنا يزيد بن موهب ، قال: حدثنا ابن إدريس ، عن محمد بن إسحاق ، عن عاصم بن عمر بن قتادة بن النعمان الظفري ، عن محمود بن لبيد ، عن جابر بن عبد الله ، قال: إني لعند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، إذ جاءه رجل بمثل البيضة من ذهب، قد اصابها من بعض المغازي، فقال: يا رسول الله، خذ هذه مني صدقة، فوالله ما اصبح لي مال غيرها، قال: فاعرض عنه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فجاءه من شقه الآخر، فقال له مثل ذلك، فاعرض عنه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، ثم جاءه من قبل وجهه، فاخذها منه، فحذفه بها حذفة لو اصابه عقره، او اوجعه، ثم قال: " ياتي احدكم إلى جميع ما يملك فيتصدق به، ثم يقعد يتكفف الناس! إنما الصدقة عن ظهر غنى، خذ عنا مالك، لا حاجة لنا به" .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: I was present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man came to him carrying a golden egg which he had found during a battle. He said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Please accept this from me as charity. By Allah! I have no other wealth besides this. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him. He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from another side and said the same thing, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again turned away from him. Then he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from the front, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took it from him and struck it in such a way that if it had hit him, it would have wounded or hurt him. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: One of you brings all his wealth to give it in charity, and then sits down to beg from people. Charity is that which is given while one is in a state of ease. Take your wealth back from us; we have no need of it.
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه ابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2441، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3372، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 1512، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 1673، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7737، 7871، وأبو يعلى فى (مسنده) برقم: 2084» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3361»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الأمر للمتصدق أن يضع صدقته في يد السائل بيده
Voluntary Charity – Ordering to Place Charity Directly in the Hand of the Needy
Hadith Number: 3373
اخبرنا الحسن بن سفيان ، حدثنا قتيبة بن سعيد ، حدثنا الليث ، عن سعيد المقبري ، عن عبد الرحمن بن بجيد ، عن جدته ام بجيد، وكانت ممن بايعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، انها قالت لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن المسكين ليقوم على بابي فما اجد له شيئا اعطيه إياه، فقال لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" إن لم تجدي له شيئا تعطينه إياه إلا ظلفا محرقا، فادفعيه إليه في يده" .
Lady Umm Bujayd (may Allah be pleased with her), who was among the women who accepted Islam at the blessed hand of the Prophet (peace be upon him), it is narrated about her: She submitted to the Prophet (peace be upon him): O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! Sometimes a poor person stands at my door and I do not find anything to give him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: If you do not find anything to give him except a burnt hoof, then give that into his hand.
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه مالك فى (الموطأ) برقم: 3415، وابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2472، 2473، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3373، 3374، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 1529، والنسائي فى (المجتبیٰ) برقم: 2564، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 1667، والترمذي فى (جامعه) برقم: 665، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7844، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 16916» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3362»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الأمر للمرء بأن لا يرد السائل إذا سأله بأي شيء حضره
Voluntary Charity – Ordering Not to Turn Away a Beggar, No Matter What One Has
Hadith Number: 3374
اخبرنا الحسين بن إدريس الانصاري ، اخبرنا احمد بن ابي بكر ، عن مالك ، عن زيد بن اسلم ، عن ابن بجيد الانصاري ثم الحارثي ، عن جدته ، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: " ردوا السائل ولو بظلف محرق" ، قال ابو حاتم: قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" ردوا السائل" قصد زجر بلفظ الامر، يريد به: لا تردوا السائل إلا بشيء ولو بظلف محرق.
Sayyida Umm Bujayd Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Return the beggar (by giving him something), even if it is a burnt hoof." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:): The statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), "Return the beggar," is a literal command, but the real intent is to prohibit (refusing). What he means is: Return the beggar by giving him something, even if it is a burnt hoof.
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه مالك فى (الموطأ) برقم: 3415، وابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2472، 2473، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3373، 3374، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 1529، والنسائي فى (المجتبیٰ) برقم: 2564، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 1667، والترمذي فى (جامعه) برقم: 665، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7844، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 16916» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3363»
Hadith Number: 3375
اخبرنا احمد بن يحيى بن زهير ، حدثنا علي بن مسلم الطوسي ، حدثنا محمد بن ابي عبيدة بن معن ، عن ابيه ، عن الاعمش ، عن إبراهيم التيمي ، عن مجاهد ، عن ابن عمر ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: " من سال بالله فاعطوه، ومن استعاذ بالله فاعيذوه، ومن دعاكم فاجيبوه" .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever asks you in the name of Allah, give him something, and whoever seeks refuge in the name of Allah, grant him refuge, and whoever invites you, accept his invitation."
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه ابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3375، 3408، 3409، والحاكم فى (مستدركه) برقم: 1507، والنسائي فى (المجتبیٰ) برقم: 2566، والنسائي فى (الكبریٰ) برقم: 2359، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 1672، 5109، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7985، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 5465» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3364»
صدقة التطوع - ذكر الإخبار عما يجب على المرء من لزوم ترك استقلال الصدقة وسوء الظن بمخرجها
Voluntary Charity – On Avoiding Looking Down on Charity or Distrusting the Giver
Hadith Number: 3376
اخبرنا محمد بن احمد بن ابي عون ، قال: حدثنا احمد بن إبراهيم الدورقي ، قال: حدثنا ابو داود ، قال: حدثنا شعبة ، قال: اخبرنا الاعمش ، قال: سمعت ابا وائل ، يحدث، عن ابي مسعود البدري ، قال: " كنا نتحامل، فكان الرجل يجيء بالصدقة، فيقال: هذا مراء، ويجيء الرجل بنصف الصاع، فيقال: إن الله لغني عن هذا، فنزلت هذه الآية: الذين يلمزون المطوعين من المؤمنين في الصدقات سورة التوبة آية 79 .
Sayyiduna Abu Mas’ud Badri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We used to carry loads, then when someone would bring something to give in charity, it would be said: He has done this for show. If someone brought half a sa’, it would be said: Allah is independent of this. So regarding this, the verse was revealed: "Those who criticize the believers concerning the charities they give."
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه البخاري فى (صحيحه) برقم: 1415، 1416، 2273، ومسلم فى (صحيحه) برقم: 1018، وابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 2453، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3338، 3376، والنسائي فى (المجتبیٰ) برقم: 2528، وابن ماجه فى (سننه) برقم: 4155، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7842، 11761، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 22778» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3365»
فصل ذكر الخصال التي تقوم لمعدم المال مقام الصدقة لباذلها
Section: Good Deeds That Substitute for Charity for Those Without Wealth
Hadith Number: 3377
اخبرنا ابن سلم ، حدثنا حرملة ، حدثنا ابن وهب ، اخبرني عمرو بن الحارث ، ان سعيد بن ابي هلال حدثه، عن ابي سعيد المهري ، عن ابي ذر ، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: " ليس من نفس ابن آدم إلا عليها صدقة في كل يوم طلعت فيه الشمس"، قيل: يا رسول الله، ومن اين لنا صدقة نتصدق بها؟ فقال:" إن ابواب الخير لكثيرة: التسبيح، والتحميد، والتكبير، والتهليل، والامر بالمعروف، والنهي عن المنكر، وتميط الاذى عن الطريق، وتسمع الاصم، وتهدي الاعمى، وتدل المستدل على حاجته، وتسعى بشدة ساقيك مع اللهفان المستغيث، وتحمل بشدة ذراعيك مع الضعيف، فهذا كله صدقة منك على نفسك" .
Sayyiduna Abu Dharr Ghifari رضي الله عنه narrates that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "For every breath a person takes, he is required to give charity every day in which the sun rises." It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم! How can we afford to give so much charity?" The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم replied: "There are many doors of goodness: saying «سبحان اللہ» , saying «الحمداللہ» , saying «اللہ اکبر» , reciting «لا اله الا اللہ» , enjoining good, forbidding evil, removing something harmful from the path, making something clear to a deaf person, guiding a blind person, guiding someone who asks for direction regarding a matter, striving to help a distressed person due to the strength of your legs, lifting a burden for a weak person due to the strength of your arms — all these are charity from you for your own self."
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه مسلم فى (صحيحه) برقم: 720، 1006، وابن خزيمة فى (صحيحه) برقم: 748، 1225، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 474، 529، 838، 3377، 4167، 4192، والنسائي فى (الكبریٰ) برقم: 8978، 8979، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 1285، 1286، 5243، والترمذي فى (جامعه) برقم: 1956، وابن ماجه فى (سننه) برقم: 927، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 21760، والحميدي فى (مسنده) برقم: 133» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3368»
فصل ذكر الخصال التي تقوم لمعدم المال مقام الصدقة لباذلها - ذكر كتبة الله الصدقة للمسلم بالخصال المعروفة وإن لم ينفق من ماله
Section: Good Deeds That Substitute for Charity – Allah Records Charity for Known Good Deeds Even Without Spending Wealth
Hadith Number: 3378
اخبرنا الفضل بن الحباب الجمحي ، حدثنا مسدد بن مسرهد ، حدثنا ابو عوانة ، عن ابي مالك الاشجعي ، عن ربعي ، عن حذيفة، قال: قال نبيكم صلى الله عليه وسلم: " كل معروف صدقة" .
Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Your Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Every good deed is charity."
تخریج الحدیث: از جامع خادم الحرمين الشريفين: «أخرجه مسلم فى (صحيحه) برقم: 1005، وابن حبان فى (صحيحه) برقم: 3378، وأبو داود فى (سننه) برقم: 4947، والبيهقي فى(سننه الكبير) برقم: 7919، وأحمد فى (مسنده) برقم: 23724» «رقم طبعة با وزير 3369»