It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever goes on a military expedition (in the path of Allah) intending nothing from it but a rope ('iqal, for tying a camel), he will have only what he intended." This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ya'la bin Munyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to send me out in his military detachments (saraya). One day he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me, and a man was going to ride my mule. I said to him: "Set off (let us depart)." He said: "I will not go out with you." I asked: "Why?" He said: "Not until you fix three dinars for me." I said (to myself): "Now, when I have already bid farewell to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), I am not going back to him again." (So I said to him:) "Go, and you have three dinars (agreed)." Then when I returned from my expedition, I mentioned that to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give it to him, for that alone is his (otherworldly) share from his expedition."

It is narrated from Sulayman bin Yasar that when the people had dispersed from around Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), a man from Syria said to him: "O Shaykh, narrate to us a hadith that you heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "The first person to be judged on the Day of Resurrection will be a man who was (outwardly) martyred. He will be brought, and Allah Almighty will remind him of His blessings, and he will acknowledge them. Allah will ask: 'What did you do in return for these blessings?' He will say: 'I fought in Your cause until I was martyred.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. Rather, you fought so that you would be called "brave", and that has been said.' Then orders will be given concerning him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into Hell. And (then) a man who acquired knowledge, taught it and recited the Qur'an. He will be brought, and Allah will remind him of His blessings, and he will recognise them. Allah will ask: 'What did you do with them?' He will say: 'I acquired knowledge for Your sake, taught it, and recited the Qur'an for Your sake.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. Rather, you acquired knowledge so that you would be called "a scholar", and you recited the Qur'an so that you would be called "a reciter", and that has been said.' Then orders will be given concerning him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into Hell. And (then) a man whom Allah gave abundance and granted every kind of wealth. He will be brought, and Allah will remind him of His blessings, and he will recognise them. Allah will ask: 'What did you do with them?' He will say: 'I did not leave any cause in which You love that wealth be spent except that I spent in it for Your sake.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. Rather, you did that so that you would be called "generous", and that has been said.' Then orders will be given concerning him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into Hell." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but Imam Bukhari did not record it.

Abu Ubaydah bin Abdullah narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: "Beware of these testimonies (claims), that you say: 'So-and-so was killed a martyr,' for one man fights out of (tribal) zeal, another fights in pursuit of worldly gain, and another fights merely to show off his bravery. But I will tell you what you can bear witness to: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a military detachment one day. Only a little time had passed when he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up, praised and glorified Allah, and said: 'Your brothers have met the polytheists; they (the polytheists) martyred them and not one of them remained. (After their martyrdom) they said: "Our Lord, convey to our people that we are pleased (with our end) and our Lord is pleased with us." So I have come to you as their messenger: they are pleased, and (Allah) has been pleased with them.'" This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration if it is free from irsal (a break in the chain), for our Shaykhs differ over whether Abu Ubaydah heard from his father or not.

It is narrated from Hudhayl bin Shurahbil that some people went out (for jihad) and were killed, and the people said: "So-and-so has been martyred." Then Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, one man fights for the world, and another fights so that he may be known (become famous), whereas a man may die on his bed and be a martyr (in the sight of Allah)." Then he recited this verse: "And those who believe in Allah and His messengers, it is they who are the truthful and the martyrs in the sight of their Lord." [Surah al-Hadid: 19] .

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, I take up a position (on the battlefield) in which I seek the pleasure of Allah, but I also want my stand (my bravery) to be seen." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him no reply until this verse was revealed: "So whoever hopes to meet his Lord, let him do righteous deeds and not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord." [Surah al-Kahf: 110] . This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "On the Day of Resurrection, three kinds of people will be judged first (who will go into the Fire). A man will be brought, and he will say: 'My Lord, You taught me the Book (the Qur'an), and I recited it night and day hoping for Your reward.' It will be said to him: 'You have lied. You only did it (prayed) so that it would be said: "He is a great reciter (and one who prays)," and that has been said. Now take him away to the Fire.' Then another will be brought, and he will say: 'My Lord, You gave me wealth, and through it I joined ties of kinship, gave charity to the poor, and provided mounts for the wayfarer, hoping for Your reward and Your Paradise.' It will be said to him: 'You have lied. You only did it so that it would be said: "He is very generous," and that has been said. Now take him away to the Fire.' Then the third will be brought, and he will say: 'My Lord, I went out in Your cause and fought hoping for Your reward, until I was martyred facing (the enemy) without turning my back.' It will be said to him: 'You have lied. You only fought so that it would be said: "He is very fearless and brave," and that has been said. Now take him away to the Fire.'" This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it with this wording.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about jihad and military expeditions." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abdullah bin Amr, if you fight with patience and seeking reward, Allah will raise you as one who was patient and sought reward. And if you fight to show off and to boast (of numbers and strength), Allah will raise you as one who showed off and boasted. O Abdullah bin Amr, in whatever state you fight or are killed, Allah will raise you in that very state." This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ya'la bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave permission for a military expedition. I was an old man and had no servant, so I looked for a hired man who would serve me, and I would give him his share (of the spoils). I found a man, but he said: "I do not know what shares are; fix some amount for me, whether a share comes or not." So I fixed three dinars for him. Then when spoils came, I wanted to give him his share, but I remembered the dinars. I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I find nothing for him in exchange for this expedition in this world except the dinars that were fixed (by intention)." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Our Lord, the Mighty and Majestic, is greatly pleased with (marvels at) a man who went out on an expedition in the cause of Allah, then his companions were defeated and fell back, but he realised his duty and went back until his blood was shed. Then Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says to His angels: 'Look at this servant of Mine. He went back out of longing for what is with Me (of reward) and out of fear of what is with Me (of punishment), until his blood was shed.'" This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.